710 - It is not righteousness to fast while traveling

710 حدثنا قتيبة حدثنا عبد العزيز بن محمد عن جعفر بن محمد عن أبيه عن جابر بن عبد الله أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم خرج إلى مكة عام الفتح فصام حتى بلغ كراع الغميم وصام الناس معه فقيل له إن الناس قد شق عليهم الصيام وإن الناس ينظرون [ ص: 90 ] فيما فعلت فدعا بقدح من ماء بعد العصر فشرب والناس ينظرون إليه فأفطر بعضهم وصام بعضهم فبلغه أن ناسا صاموا فقال أولئك العصاة قال وفي الباب عن كعب بن عاصم وابن عباس وأبي هريرة قال أبو عيسى حديث جابر حديث حسن صحيح وقد روي عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أنه قال ليس من البر الصيام في السفر واختلف أهل العلم في الصوم في السفر فرأى بعض أهل العلم من أصحاب النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وغيرهم أن الفطر في السفر أفضل حتى رأى بعضهم عليه الإعادة إذا صام في السفر واختار أحمد وإسحق الفطر في السفر وقال بعض أهل العلم من أصحاب النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وغيرهم إن وجد قوة فصام فحسن وهو أفضل وإن أفطر فحسن وهو قول سفيان الثوري ومالك بن أنس وعبد الله بن المبارك وقال الشافعي وإنما معنى قول النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ليس من البر الصيام في السفر وقوله حين بلغه أن ناسا صاموا فقال أولئك العصاة فوجه هذا إذا لم يحتمل قلبه قبول رخصة الله فأما من رأى الفطر مباحا وصام وقوي على ذلك فهو أعجب إلي

710 Qutaybah narrated to us, Abd al-Aziz ibn Muhammad narrated to us, on the authority of Ja`far ibn Muhammad, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Jabir ibn Abd Allah, that the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, went out to Mecca in the year of the conquest and fasted until he reached Kara` al-Ghamim, and the people fasted with him. Then it was said to him, “The people have found fasting difficult and the people are looking at what you have done.” So he called for a cup of water after the afternoon prayer and drank while the people were looking at him. Some of them broke their fast and some of them fasted. Then it reached him that some people had fasted, so he said, “Those are the disobedient ones, He said: In this chapter, on the authority of Ka`b ibn `Aasim, Ibn Abbas, and Abu Hurairah, Abu `Isa said: The hadith of Jabir is a good and authentic hadith. It was narrated on the authority of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, that he said: It is not righteousness to fast while traveling. The scholars differed regarding fasting while traveling. Some scholars from among the companions of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, and others held the view that That breaking the fast while traveling is better, so some of them saw that he should repeat it if he fasted while traveling. Ahmad and Ishaq chose breaking the fast while traveling. Some of the scholars from the companions of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, and others said that if he finds the strength to fast, then that is good and is better, and if he breaks the fast, then that is good. This is the opinion of Sufyan al-Thawri, Malik ibn Anas, and Abdullah ibn al-Mubarak. Al-Shafi’i said: The meaning of the Prophet’s statement, may God bless him and grant him peace, is that it is not righteous to fast while traveling, and his statement when he heard that people fasted, he said, “Those are the disobedient ones.” The reason for this is if his heart cannot bear to accept God’s permission. As for the one who sees breaking the fast as permissible and fasts and is strong enough to do so, then that is more pleasing to me.