730 - Whoever does not intend to fast before dawn, then there is no fast for him من لم يجمع الصيام قبل الفجر فلا صيام له

730 حدثنا إسحق بن منصور أخبرنا ابن أبي مريم أخبرنا يحيى بن أيوب عن عبد الله بن أبي بكر عن ابن شهاب عن سالم بن عبد الله عن أبيه عن حفصة عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال من لم يجمع الصيام قبل الفجر فلا صيام له قال أبو عيسى حديث حفصة حديث لا نعرفه مرفوعا إلا من هذا الوجه وقد روي عن نافع عن ابن عمر قوله وهو أصح وهكذا أيضا روي هذا الحديث عن الزهري موقوفا ولا نعلم أحدا رفعه إلا يحيى بن أيوب وإنما معنى هذا عند أهل العلم لا صيام لمن لم يجمع الصيام قبل طلوع الفجر في رمضان أو في قضاء رمضان أو في صيام نذر إذا لم ينوه من الليل لم يجزه وأما صيام التطوع فمباح له أن ينويه بعد ما أصبح وهو قول الشافعي وأحمد وإسحق

730 Ishaq bin Mansur told us, Ibn Abi Maryam told us, Yahya bin Ayoub told us, on the authority of Abdullah bin Abi Bakr, on the authority of Ibn Shihab, on the authority of Salim bin Abdullah, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Hafsa, on the authority of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, who said: “Whoever does not intend to fast before dawn, then there is no fast for him.” Abu Isa said: The hadith of Hafsa is a hadith that we do not know of as being traceable back to the Prophet except from this source. It has been narrated on the authority of Nafi’ on the authority of Ibn Umar, who said: “This is more authentic.” This hadith was also narrated on the authority of Al-Zuhri as being traceable back to the Prophet, and we do not know of anyone who attributed it to the Prophet except Yahya bin Ayoub. The meaning of this according to the people of knowledge is that there is no fast for whoever does not intend to fast before dawn in Ramadan, or in making up for Ramadan, or in fasting a vow. If he does not intend it during the night, it is not valid. As for voluntary fasting, it is permissible for him to intend it after morning. This is the opinion of Al-Shafi’i, Ahmad, and Ishaq.