Allah says
وَمَا كُنتَ بِجَانِبِ ٱلۡغَرۡبِيِّ إِذۡ قَضَيۡنَآ إِلَىٰ مُوسَى ٱلۡأَمۡرَ وَمَا كُنتَ مِنَ ٱلشَّٰهِدِينَ (44)
And you were not beside the eastern when We decreed to Moses the command, and you were not of the witnesses. (44)
A view of the verse
The familiar of the Qur’an goes back to Muhammad - may God bless him and grant him peace - and the purpose of the Qur’an is not merely (the true historical narrative that is not falsified and only) Rather, the Messenger - may God bless him and grant him peace - blamed him for the same reason that happened to his brothers, (The Prophets: peace be upon them all), Also, a familiar of the Qur'an with the nation of Muhammad that will be at the end of time, and events will be repeated with them, because if you want to know what is coming, look at what has passed, for things are similar. Life is revolving, in which names and forms change, but events repeat themselves.
Allah says
وَلَٰكِنَّآ أَنشَأۡنَا قُرُونٗا فَتَطَاوَلَ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡعُمُرُۚ وَمَا كُنتَ ثَاوِيٗا فِيٓ أَهۡلِ مَدۡيَنَ تَتۡلُواْ عَلَيۡهِمۡ ءَايَٰتِنَا وَلَٰكِنَّا كُنَّا مُرۡسِلِينَ (45)
But We created generations, and their lives were prolonged, and you were not a resident among the people of Midian, recite Our verses to them, but We were sent. (45)
A view of the verse
The speech still belongs to Muhammad - may God bless him and grant him peace - that is, you were not one of the witnesses, O Muhammad, to the revelation of the message to Moses - peace be upon him - nor will there be generations after Moses, or even before him, so that their lives would be prolonged, they felt that life was long before them, and ages in the past were long, so they forget God - the Almighty - Perhaps they said we should repent before the end of life or something else, and the person who is far from God - the Almighty - The older he gets, the more distant he becomes from God, so postponing repentance is not in the interest, فhis is in accordance with what God Almighty said in more than one place, (...So a long period of time passed over them, and their hearts hardened. And many of them are sinners (16)
Also, you were not residing in the city of Medina near the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, O Muhammad, to teach the people there the verses of God, but God is the one who chose which of the messengers to which of the people.
Allah says
وَمَا كُنتَ بِجَانِبِ ٱلطُّورِ إِذۡ نَادَيۡنَا وَلَٰكِن رَّحۡمَةٗ مِّن رَّبِّكَ لِتُنذِرَ قَوۡمٗا مَّآ أَتَىٰهُم مِّن نَّذِيرٖ مِّن قَبۡلِكَ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَتَذَكَّرُونَ (46)
And you were not next to Al-Tur when We called, But it is a mercy from your Lord to warn people no warner has came to them before you, so that they may remember (46)
On the authority of Qatada
And you were not next to Al-Tur: when he called us, saying: Call: O nation of Muhammad, I gave to you before you asked me, and I responded to you before you called on me.
(But it is a mercy from your Lord)
And We sent it down to you, so we recounted all of that to you in Our Book, and We have sent you as a messenger with what We have sent down to you, to whom We have sent you to from among the creation, as a mercy from Us to you and to them.
(Perhaps they will remember)
He says: So that they may remember the mistake they are in because of their disbelief in their Lord, they revert to acknowledging God’s oneness, and singling out worship for Him to the exclusion of all other gods.
A view of the verse
Then God - glory be to Him - also reminds him of all the places in which Moses - peace be upon him - spoke, but it is a mercy from your Lord that you learn these stories and entertain the believers in your nation with them about what they encounter for the sake of faith, No warner came to them before you, like the children of Israel, who were treated by many messengers.
Maybe they remember
Man is called forgetfulness in the Arabic language, and he is very forgetful, so when he remembers, he becomes aware, and this is in accordance with the words of God Almighty, (And We certainly made a covenant with Adam before, but he forgot, and We found in him a determination. (115)
The determination to do good deeds comes from remembering the consequences, which motivates one to do good deeds, and remembering always and forever benefits the believers.
Allah says
وَلَوۡلَآ أَن تُصِيبَهُم مُّصِيبَةُۢ بِمَا قَدَّمَتۡ أَيۡدِيهِمۡ فَيَقُولُواْ رَبَّنَا لَوۡلَآ أَرۡسَلۡتَ إِلَيۡنَا رَسُولٗا فَنَتَّبِعَ ءَايَٰتِكَ وَنَكُونَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ (47) فَلَمَّا جَآءَهُمُ ٱلۡحَقُّ مِنۡ عِندِنَا قَالُواْ لَوۡلَآ أُوتِيَ مِثۡلَ مَآ أُوتِيَ مُوسَىٰٓۚ أَوَ لَمۡ يَكۡفُرُواْ بِمَآ أُوتِيَ مُوسَىٰ مِن قَبۡلُۖ قَالُواْ سِحۡرَانِ تَظَٰهَرَا وَقَالُوٓاْ إِنَّا بِكُلّٖ كَٰفِرُونَ (48)
And had it not been that a calamity should befall them because of what their hands have presented to you, then they should say, Our Lord, If You had not sent to us a messenger, then we should follow Your revelations and be among the believers. (47) Then when the truth came to them from Us, they said: If only they had been given the like of what was given to Moses, Or did they not disbelieve in what was given to Moses before, (48) They said, "They are two bewitched support each other and said, "Indeed, we are disbelievers in everything." (48)
And had not those to whom I sent you said, “O Muhammad,”
If Our punishment befalls them, or Our punishment comes upon them before We send you to them for their disbelief in their Lord, their acquisition of sins, and their committing of sins: Our Lord, would you please send us a messenger before your wrath befalls us and your torment befalls us, so that we may follow your evidence, and that is, your book that you send down to your messenger, and we will be among the believers in your divinity, The calamity in this situation: torment and curse. What he means by saying: (because their hands have put forward) means what they have earned.
God Almighty says: When those came to whom no one had come before you, O Muhammad
He is Muhammad, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, with the message from God to them. They said in rebellion against God and persisting in wrongdoing: “Would you not be given this who was sent to us, Is he Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace, like the Book given to Musa bin Imran, God Almighty says to His Prophet Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace: Say, O Muhammad, to your people from the Quraish who say to you.
On the authority of Mujahid, in the words of God, “Two magicians pretended”
The Jews said: To Moses and Aaron.
On the authority of Ibn Abbas (they said: two magicians pretended to be)
Meaning: the Torah and the Criterion.
On the authority of Al-Dahhak (And they say, “Indeed, we are disbelievers in everything”)
He says: By the Bible and the Qur’an
A view of the verse
Then God Almighty completes His remembrance of Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace, as if he was speaking to him in a loud voice - had it not been that a calamity befalls them, With what their hands have presented, only then will they remember: You did not send us a messenger, O Lord, and if you had, we would have followed him and been among your believers.
When the truth came to them from Us
Muhammad - may God bless him and grant him peace - and the Great Qur’an. They said, “If only I had not been given the likes of what Moses was given.”
Then God denounces them
Did they not disbelieve in Moses and his brother, and say of them that they are sorcerers? This is the logic of the disbelievers (arguing) about the soul, and that had it not been for them, they would have been believers, May God protect us, when you are walking among people, if you find a fruitless argument, do not enter into it. Whoever argues with you from the beginning wants to defeat you unjustly, Our master Al-Shafi’i used to say: I have never entered a debate wanting to be the victor, these are the good, clean and pure souls that emerged from the beginning of Islam, as for us entering into a sterile debate, the sole goal of which is victory over those before us, these are not the souls with whom people have entered the religion of God in droves.
Allah says
قُلۡ فَأۡتُواْ بِكِتَٰبٖ مِّنۡ عِندِ ٱللَّهِ هُوَ أَهۡدَىٰ مِنۡهُمَآ أَتَّبِعۡهُ إِن كُنتُمۡ صَٰدِقِينَ (49)
Say, “Bring me a book from God, it is more guided than the two of them. Follow it, if you are truthful. (49)
A view of the verse
Tell them, O Muhammad - leave me, leave Moses and his brother, and bring me a book from God that is better guided than the Qur’an and the Torah. I will follow it if you are truthful, It is a kind of rebuke to the Quraysh and the infidels of the Children of Israel. Why? Because it reminds them of what they don't want to remember, It is that the message was revealed for the first time among the Arabs and not the children of Israel, and it is a blessing from God - the Almighty - that has nothing to do with it, and it is envy on their own behalf for the will of God - the Almighty mentioned -
Allah says
فَإِن لَّمۡ يَسۡتَجِيبُواْ لَكَ فَٱعۡلَمۡ أَنَّمَا يَتَّبِعُونَ أَهۡوَآءَهُمۡۚ وَمَنۡ أَضَلُّ مِمَّنِ ٱتَّبَعَ هَوَىٰهُ بِغَيۡرِ هُدٗى مِّنَ ٱللَّهِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَهۡدِي ٱلۡقَوۡمَ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ (50)
If they do not respond to you, then know that they are only following their own desires, and who is more astray than he who follows his own desires without guidance from Allah, Indeed, Allah does not guide the wrongdoing people (50)
If those who speak of the Torah and the Gospel do not answer you
Two magicians who support each other that the truth lies in other than the Jews, O Muhammad, Until they bring you a book from God that is better guided than them, then know that they are only following their desires, And what they say and say in the two books is a false and false statement that has no truth, Perhaps someone might say: Was it not the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, He knows that what the Jews and others said about the Torah and the Gospel is falsehood, calling them two magic is false in saying, except that they do not respond to him until they bring him a book that is better guided than them?
(Indeed, Allah does not guide the wrongdoing people)
God does not enable people who disobey the command of God and abandon obedience to Him to attain the truth and the path of righteousness, they denied His Messenger, changed his covenant, and followed their own desires, preferring to obey Satan rather than obey their Lord.
A view of the verse
Then Muhammad - may God bless him and grant him peace (the Beloved of God) is mentioned, If they do not respond to you with faith and submission to good news and warnings, which is with you, know that they only follow their desires, as we agreed, there is no vacuum in the universe anywhere, there cannot be an emptiness within ourselves from within. If we do not follow guidance, we will follow passion, What we love and want must be pursued in this life, even from within us, And whoever follows his desires, God calls him unjust in this life, but he is unjust to himself. We ask God for infallibility and safety only, nothing more.
Allah says
وَإِذَا يُتۡلَىٰ عَلَيۡهِمۡ قَالُوٓاْ ءَامَنَّا بِهِۦٓ إِنَّهُ ٱلۡحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّنَآ إِنَّا كُنَّا مِن قَبۡلِهِۦ مُسۡلِمِينَ (53)
And when it is recited to them, they say, we believe in it, It is the truth from our Lord. Indeed, we were Muslims before Him. (53)
(And when it is recited on them)
This Qur’an is for those to whom We gave the Book before the revelation of this Qur’an. (They said, “We believe in it.”) He says: They say: you believed in it (It is the truth from our Lord) It means that it was revealed from our Lord, (Indeed, we were before Him, ( that is, the revelation of this Qur’an (Muslims) this is because they believed in what the prophets had brought before the coming of our Prophet Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace, and there were books on them, And in their books is the description of Muhammad, so they believed in him, his mission, and his book before the revelation of the Qur’an, and for that reason they said: (Indeed, we were Muslims before him.)
Allah says
أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ يُؤۡتَوۡنَ أَجۡرَهُم مَّرَّتَيۡنِ بِمَا صَبَرُواْ وَيَدۡرَءُونَ بِٱلۡحَسَنَةِ ٱلسَّيِّئَةَ وَمِمَّا رَزَقۡنَٰهُمۡ يُنفِقُونَ (54) وَإِذَا سَمِعُواْ ٱللَّغۡوَ أَعۡرَضُواْ عَنۡهُ وَقَالُواْ لَنَآ أَعۡمَٰلُنَا وَلَكُمۡ أَعۡمَٰلُكُمۡ سَللَٰمٌ عَلَيۡكُمۡ لَا نَبۡتَغِي ٱلۡجَٰهِلِينَ (55)
These are the ones who will be given their reward twice, because they were patient, and they ward off evil with good, and of what We have provided them, they spend (54) and when they hear idle talk, they turn away from it, And they said our deeds belong to us and your deeds belong to you, peace be upon you. We do not seek the ignorant. (55)
(they are given)
The reward for their work (twice for what they were patient)
Interpreters differed regarding the meaning of patience
He promised them what He, glory be to Him, promised, regarding their patience with the first book, their following of Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace, and their patience in that. That is what Qatada said
Others said
Rather, he promised them their patience by believing in Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace, before he was sent, and by their following him when he was sent.
Indeed, before him, we were Muslims in the religion of Jesus.
When the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, came, they converted to Islam, they will have their reward twice because they were patient the first time, they entered Islam with the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace.
A view of the verse
There are three types of people whose wages will be doubled other than ordinary people
1 - The Christian or Jew who believed in his Prophet and then converted to Islam will have his reward twice, Moreover, his bad deeds are replaced by his good deeds.
2 - The slave is given a book to get out of slavery and pay a price for that. He pays his master and fulfills God’s rights upon him, so he has two rewards.
3 - A man who has his own mother (women’s slaves), so he disciplined her, taught her, freed her, and married her: he will have two rewards.
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