Allah says
وَلَمَّا تَوَجَّهَ تِلۡقَآءَ مَدۡيَنَ قَالَ عَسَىٰ رَبِّيٓ أَن يَهۡدِيَنِي سَوَآءَ ٱلسَّبِيلِ (22)
And when he faced Madyan, he said, “Perhaps my Lord will guide me to the right path.” (22)
And his saying: (And when he set out to faced Midian)
God Almighty says: And when Moses set his face toward Midian and was going toward it, Averting from the city of Pharaoh, and outside his authority, (He said, “Perhaps my Lord will guide me to the right path.”) He meant what he said, tword Madian ( a place) It is said: He did it on his own initiative, meaning: by himself, but he said that because he did not know the way to it, It was mentioned that God appointed for him, when he said: (Lord, save me from the wrongdoing people) an angel who guided him and made him aware of the way.
About Al-Sadi, he said
When Moses was on the road, an angel came to him on a horse with a goat in his hand, When Moses saw him, he prostrated to him out of fear and said: Do not prostrate to me, but follow me. So he followed him, He directed him towards Midian, and Moses said while heading towards Midian: (Perhaps my Lord will guide me to the right path.) So he set off with him until he reached Midian.
On the authority of Ibn Ishaq, he said:
It was reported to me that he left and said: (Lord, save me from the wrongdoing people.) So God prepared the way to Midian, and he left Egypt without provisions, shoes, backpack, dirhams, or loaves of bread, Frightened and waiting, he came upon a nation of people being given water to drink in Midian, and Midian was there at that time the people of Shuaib, peace be upon him.
A view around the verse
Some Information about the city of Midian
It is located in the city of Al-Bidaa, an ancient city containing ancient houses and temples carved into rocks and mountains, It is similar to the ruins of the city of Al-Hijr, that is, Mada'in Saleh, as some archaeologists believe that this city dates back to the second millennium BC. , The city is called by other names, such as Mada'in Shuaib, or Maghayir Shuaib, and the city was mentioned in the heavenly books such as the Torah, And the Holy Qur’an, and it also mentioned that our Master Moses, peace be upon him, sought refuge with them and married them.
the location
The city of Madyan is located near the city of Al-Bidaa in Tabuk, specifically in the northwestern side of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The city is approximately 170 km away from the Tabuk region.
God Almighty says in more than one place
(...And you will not do any work except that We will be witnesses over you when you go about it...) God - the Almighty - in this verse, and in several other verses in the Qur’an, directs us indirectly to renew the intention, improve the intention, and ask God - the Almighty - to direct him to the best things that He wants from him.
1 - Moses has not yet become a prophet, and despite that, he speaks to God - the Almighty - and he does not know Him and has not spoken to Him yet, He has a faith that rivals that of his mother, and at the beginning of his migration to Midian, he asks God - the Almighty - That God directs him to the path that God wants so that he does not go on different paths and waste his time and effort.
2 - Was Moses asking God for the right (religious) path, or was he leaving Egypt in the direction of Madian, not knowing where he was going and not knowing the future or anything hidden for him? Certainly, he also means the straight path (the path of this world, not for the hereafter as we use to supplicate with this du'aa) Of course, God knows best. What I mean: When you say this supplication, do not make it just to reach religion, If you become religious, you will lose supplication. rather, make it a habit of your supplication at every crossroads in your life.
وَلَمَّا وَرَدَ مَآءَ مَدۡيَنَ وَجَدَ عَلَيۡهِ أُمَّةٗ مِّنَ ٱلنَّاسِ يَسۡقُونَ وَوَجَدَ مِن دُونِهِمُ ٱمۡرَأَتَيۡنِ تَذُودَانِۖ قَالَ مَا خَطۡبُكُمَاۖ قَالَتَا لَا نَسۡقِي حَتَّىٰ يُصۡدِرَ ٱلرِّعَآءُۖ وَأَبُونَا شَيۡخٞ كَبِيرٞ (23)
And when he reached the waters of Midian, he found a crowd of people over it, They were driving, and he found besides them two women keeping their sheep away, He said, “What is the matter with you?” They said, “We will not provide water until the herds depart.” And our father is old man. (23)
(Two women driving away their sheep)
He said: They keep their sheep away from people until they are empty and the well is empty for them.
(What's wrong with you)
You are isolated and do not drink water with people.
That is, we cannot drink until people drink, and then we follow their waste
He came to a stone that only ten men could lift, so he lifted it alone.
A view of the verse
We previously agreed that Egypt was the only (civilized) country on the Arabian Peninsula and the rest were Bedouins, as stated in the Qur’an in Surah Yusuf: “...and he brought you from among the Bedouins...” So, the city of Midian was inhabited by Bedouins, and the Bedouins were harsh in their feelings and characteristics as well, in accordance with the words of God Almighty, ((And it is more likely that they do not know the limits of what God has revealed to His Messenger)) Where God Almighty speaks about the Bedouins and says that they are as tough as a wall Which is an obstacle between them and their understanding of the Messenger of God - may God bless him and grant him peace, and here are the people of Midian. It seems that their characteristics were strong in this way.
1 - It seems that Moses continued walking in the city until he reached a place around water, if water is found, people will inevitably find around it, so he will find a nation of people, and the nation is: a group of people united by common historical ties, which may be linguistic, religious, or economic, and who have common goals, and they are many strong men, yet they left two women and did not help them with their affairs, which is reprehensible behavior, to leave the women, regardless of their strength or youth, until the entire group stops drinking or is satisfied with water.
2 - Dhoud: a herd of camels between three and ten, What it means is that they keep their camels away from drinking water until the people finish, and this is not a chivalrous manner.
3 - So he turned to them and said to them: What is the matter with you? They said to him: They are watering their sheep after everyone has watered their sheep, their father is an old man who cannot herd sheep, and this is the reason for their presence among this group of men alone, without a sponsor or a man with them.
Allah says
فَسَقَىٰ لَهُمَا ثُمَّ تَوَلَّىٰٓ إِلَى ٱلظِّلِّ فَقَالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي لِمَآ أَنزَلۡتَ إِلَيَّ مِنۡ خَيۡرٖ فَقِيرٞ (24)
So he watered for them, then he turned to the shade, then he said, “My Lord, I am poor for what you sent it down to me.
On the authority of Ibn Abbas
He said: Moses went to a tree and took shade in its shade. “And he said, ‘My Lord, indeed, for whatever good You have sent down to me, I am poor.’”
On the authority of Amr bin Maimun, on the authority of Abdullah, he said
I worked on a camel for two nights until I became in Madian, So I asked about the tree to which Moses took shelter, and I saw a green, lush tree, so, my camel fell for it and was hungry, so my camel took it, treated it for an hour, then spit it out, so I prayed to God for Moses, peace be upon him, then I left, And he said: (And he said, “My Lord, I am poor for whatever good You have sent down to me, needy. It was reported that the Prophet of God, Moses, peace be upon him, said this, and he was very diligent, He presented it to the two women, hoping that they would feed him because he was so hungry.
It was said: The goodness that the Prophet of God said
What he meant by it was: being satisfied with food
He said this, and he had neither a dirham nor a dinar
He only asked for food
A view of the verse
1 - Musa did not talk for long with the two girls. What is strange is that none of the men of the city of Midian encountered him talking to two girls while he was a stranger and certainly showed signs of travel. Rather, instead of prolonging the conversation, he hurried to give them water
2 - He went to sit under a tree, and said the famous supplication (My Lord, I am poor for what have sent down to me), and it came to him. We will talk about it in the next verse, but now, many, many Muslims are praying this prayer in order to achieve something like Musa - peace be upon him - and yet they do not fulfill their request. why? It is said: the supplications of the prophets are for the believers to supplicate with, but has their situation reached the point where every prophet is obliged at its time? This is the horse's stud, do not call upon God with the supplication of the Prophet when you are forced to do so, but rather feel like the state of the Prophet in this situation, can you imagine that Moses, peace be upon him, was praying in this situation while his heart was headless? It is impossible, isn’t it?
3 - Look at the generosity of Moses, but the idea of weakness bothered him a lot. He soon rested from the hardship of travel, He entered a city where he knew no one and no one knew him, and no one would blame him for leaving the two girls without serving them. Rather, the men of their city did not help them in the first place.
4 - You want an answer to this supplication from God (Lord, indeed, no good has been sent down to me by a poor person). Do the same as Moses did. Moses did two things, (1 - Chivalry and chivalry without expecting anything in return for his work - 2- Turning to God completely, not expecting gratitude from anyone or returning money for his service which he offers, Despite his extreme poverty when he left Egypt) then a heart filled with compulsion, and God responds to the disbeliever’s compulsion. doesn’t He respond to your compulsion even though you are a believer?
5 - The last thing in the verse: Have you noticed that Moses - peace be upon him - had a strong personality, a man from a strange country, It has signs of travel, and a large group of people gathered around the water watering their sheep, He crowds them and gives water to the two girls, and they leave him without quarreling. Is this reasonable? It seems that psychological strength and determination are sometimes superior to physical strength.
Allah says
فَجَآءَتۡهُ إِحۡدَىٰهُمَا تَمۡشِي عَلَى ٱسۡتِحۡيَآءٖ قَالَتۡ إِنَّ أَبِي يَدۡعُوكَ لِيَجۡزِيَكَ أَجۡرَ مَا سَقَيۡتَ لَنَاۚ فَلَمَّا جَآءَهُۥ وَقَصَّ عَلَيۡهِ ٱلۡقَصَصَ قَالَ لَا تَخَفۡۖ نَجَوۡتَ مِنَ ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ (25)
Then one of them came to him, walking shyly, She said, “My father is calling you to reward you for what you have watered for us, so when he came to him and told him the stories, he said, “Do not be afraid. You have been saved from the wrongdoing people.” (25)
On the authority of Omar bin Al-Khattab, may God be pleased with him
In his saying: (Then one of them came to him, walking shyly) he said: She was hidden by the sleeve of her armor, or by the sleeve of her shirt.
On the authority of Ibn Abi Al-Hudhayl, on the authority of Omar, may God be pleased with him
He said: She put her hand on her face, covering herself.
I heard Hassan say
Far from obscenity
He said, “Do not be afraid. You have escaped from the wrongdoing people.”
Neither Pharaoh nor his people have authority over us, and we are not in his kingdom
So he got up with her
He said to her: Walk behind me, and clear the way for me, and I will walk in front of you, We do not look at the backs of women; When he came to him, he told him the news, and he did not expel him from his country (so when he came to him and told him the stories, he said, “Do not be afraid, you have been saved from the wrongdoing people.) She told her father what he said: He do not look at the backs of women.
A view of the verse
1 - One of the two girls who admired Moses’ chivalry, they saw in him qualities that no reward would be returned for what he did, and they also had qualities of chivalry, since they did not take what they wanted, they left him and did not return to him. Rather, they told his story to their father, and that was what happened.
2 - Ali timidity: The sīn is more than the word modesty, and the addition in the structure is an addition in the meaning, as the language says, It was as if she was feeling very embarrassed that she came to talk to him again and tell him that her father wanted to give him the reward for watering for them.
3 - Moses went with the girl to her father, and it was said that he was a righteous man among his people called Shuaib, so he told him his whole story, perhaps from his first birth and his mother throwing him into the Nile so that he would hide who killed Pharaoh, the oppressor of the males of the children of Israel, because he told them stories and not just one story.
4 - Shuaib’s response was: Only one (Do not be afraid, you will be saved from the unjust people). Why did he not tell him to rest first or offer him food before the stories? God knows, but what comes to mind is that the blessing of security is given precedence over everything, even food and drink, Musa needs security in order to stabilize himself, and then anything can happen to improve his quality of life.
Allah says
قَالَتۡ إِحۡدَىٰهُمَا يَٰٓأَبَتِ ٱسۡتَـٔۡجِرۡهُۖ إِنَّ خَيۡرَ مَنِ ٱسۡتَـٔۡجَرۡتَ ٱلۡقَوِيُّ ٱلۡأَمِينُ (26)
One of them said, “Father, let him hire at you as a worker, Indeed, the better t of your hire is the strong, the trustworthy (26)
God Almighty says: One of the two women for whom Moses gave water to her said to her father, When Moses came to him, the name of one of them was Sipporah, and the name of the other was Leah, and it was said: Honor as well.
On the authority of Abu Ubaidah, he said
The one who hired Moses Jethro, my nephew Shuaib, peace be upon him.
Others said
Rather, his name is: Yathra
On the authority of Ibn Abbas
He said: The woman’s father’s name: Yathra
Others said
Rather, his name is Shuaib
And they said
He is Shuaib the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace.
It was said: When she said that to her father, her father disapproved of her description of it and said to her: What did you know about that? She said: as for his strength, I have not seen him treat him as well as when watering a well, and as for honesty, I have not seen him turn a lower his gaze to me.
A view of the verse
The girl talks to her father, the old sheikh, and asks him to hire this man who is a stranger to the country, because she sees in him the qualities of being hired for this work (physical strength and honesty). Strange: the old father did not scold her, nor did he say to her: Do not talk to me about a strange man or from another country or anything else. Rather, he left his daughter the freedom to speak within the limits of public decency.
Allah says
قَالَ إِنِّيٓ أُرِيدُ أَنۡ أُنكِحَكَ إِحۡدَى ٱبۡنَتَيَّ هَٰتَيۡنِ عَلَىٰٓ أَن تَأۡجُرَنِي ثَمَٰنِيَ حِجَجٖۖ فَإِنۡ أَتۡمَمۡتَ عَشۡرٗا فَمِنۡ عِندِكَۖ وَمَآ أُرِيدُ أَنۡ أَشُقَّ عَلَيۡكَۚ سَتَجِدُنِيٓ إِن شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ مِنَ ٱلصَّٰلِحِينَ (27)
He said, “I want to marry one of my two daughters to you on the condition that you work as a worker for me for eight years, If you have completed ten, then it is from you, and I do not want to be too hard for you. You will find me, God willing, among the righteous. (27)
A view of the verse
1 - The father saw in Moses the qualities he wanted for his daughters to marry And he is the best person to marry them to a man like him, and he did not impose a specific one on him, but rather he gave him the choice between one of the two girls, and he is of the highest degree of chivalry.
2 - The dowry was the lease for 8 years, and if it completes 10, then it is charity and kindness from you, O Moses, and he does not want to make it difficult for him.
3 - Moses replied (You will find me, God willing, among the righteous) meaning that I am worthy of this work and you will not be displeased with me or hesitate or anything else, and here is a pause:
Moses is a descendant of kings, and now he will work in raising and herding livestock for 10 consecutive years, I will not say that the only reason is that he is a prophet, and all prophets must take care of sheep, so that they learn patience and people’s leadership after that. Rather, I will say that God - the Almighty - He nurtures in Moses humility and the transition from a state of luxury to a state of poverty and a simple life, which is not simple for a person accustomed to Pharaonic luxury, However, he believes in a higher and sublime world than mere material things, It is supporting the oppressed, supporting the weak (slaves), not understanding the idea of prostrating to a human god, and God is Most High and Most Knowing.
Allah says
قَالَ ذَٰلِكَ بَيۡنِي وَبَيۡنَكَۖ أَيَّمَا ٱلۡأَجَلَيۡنِ قَضَيۡتُ فَلَا عُدۡوَٰنَ عَلَيَّۖ وَٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ مَا نَقُولُ وَكِيلٞ (28)
He said that between me and you, whatever the two term you fulfill, there is no enemy against me, and God is a Guardian over what we say. (28)
And he said: (And God is a disposer of affairs over what we say.)
Ibn Ishaq saw this statement from the father of the two women, so he married him, He stayed with him to suffice for him, and worked for him in taking care of his sheep and whatever he needed from him, Moses' wife, Sipporah, or her sister, Leah.
Ibn Abbas said
The slave girl who invited him is the one he married
He mentioned that when Moses and his companion entered into this contract between themselves
He ordered one of his daughters to give Moses a staff, which was with the shepherds, so she gave it to him, and some of them mentioned that it was the staff that God had made for him as a sign.
Some of them said
that this was a stick given to him by Gabriel, peace be upon him
A view of the verse
The father and Moses agreed despite Mouses had not yet become a prophet, Moses said: Which of the two terms (8 years, or 10 years) I have completed them, so there is no aggression against me, The meaning is: People adhere to their conditions, meaning do not blame me if I decide to live in a city for only 8 years. The contract is the law of the contracting parties. Indeed, Moses is a descendant of kings and was raised in a family that understood political rule well.
One last glance at the entire face
1 - The Qur’an completely neglected to mention the details of these years in Moses’ life, He did not mention whether His wife gave birth or not. He did not mention whether he was working hard or not? And why and why, Only knowing part of his life and struggle, and in accordance with the Holy Qur’an in the Almighty’s saying (...to ride one level after another لتركبن طبقاً عن طبق ).
2 - Do you imagine that God - the Almighty - does not move Moses’ life behind events? Does God - the Almighty - have a plan for Moses’ life written in eternity? and he, the two daughters, and the good father carry it out as it is, without realizing it? can you imagine that something would happen in your life without the details of God’s plan for your life? even if you are not a prophet, each of us has a story in this life that we either write in letters of light or otherwise, but the deeper understanding is that we are following the steps that were written on us from time immemorial, We think that we have a choice. of course, I mean the big titles (the stages of your life story, not the details who are responsible for them in general and in detail).
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