The surah
Meccan, from Al-Mathani, and it is from the group of surahs “Al-Hawamim” that begins with (Ham 1) and was revealed after Surat Ghafir.
The number of its verses
Its verses are 54
And their arrangement in the Qur’an
41
It started with broken letters
It contains
prostration recitation
What is included in the Surah?
This Surah addresses, one divinity, life and the afterlife, and the revelation of the message, in addition to the path of calling to God and the creation of the preacher.
A presentation of God’s signs in souls and horizons and a warning against disbelieving in them
A reminder of the struggle against liars in previous generations
A presentation of the scenes of the deniers on the Day of Resurrection, and an explanation that the deniers, both jinn and humans, are the only ones who do not accept these truths and do not submit to God alone, while the heavens, the earth, the sun, the moon, and the angels all prostrate to God, submit, submit, and submit.
Let us begin the interpretation, with the blessing of God Almighty.
حمٓ ﴿١﴾
Ham ﴿1﴿
These two letters are among the broken letters that open some of the surahs of the Holy Qur’an, to explain the miracle of this Qur’an; It shows the inability of people to oppose it with something like it, even though it is composed of these Arabic letters that they speak.
A View around the verse
The broken letters are letters that have their secret with God - the Almighty - and perhaps they are the openings to certain parts of Paradise for those who memorize them and do what is in them, we see doors in the world in ordinary companies, even if they are multinational, that only open with a specific code, only its owner knows it, and if anyone else had taught it, the secrets would have been revealed, and we will not forget, so no soul knows what has been hidden from them as a comfort to their eyes as a reward for what they used to do. Of course, God is Most High and All-Knowing.
تَنزِيلٞ مِّنَ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ ﴿٢﴾
A revelation from Al Rahman: The Most Gracious, Al Raheem: The Most Merciful (2)
That is: This Qur’an was revealed to Muhammad - may God bless him and grant him peace - from God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful, whose mercy encompasses all things; Among His mercy toward His servants is the revelation of the Qur’an containing knowledge, guidance, light, healing, mercy, goodness, and happiness.
A View around the verse
The details will come in the next verse “The Leaders,” the revelation “What?” But this revelation is only from the Al Rahman, Al Raheem, and the eminent scholars have detailed the difference between Al Rahman - Al Rahee, Al Rahman: He is the Most Merciful of Muslims and non-Muslims in this world, but in the Hereafter, He is the Most Merciful to believers only and exclusively, so the Qur’an is a mercy that includes both believers and non-believers, , and how is that? If someone used the laws of the Qur’an while he was not a Muslim, he would benefit, there are Christians who teach grammar from the Qur’an, and there are non-Muslim history teachers who teach some of the events of the Qur’an, More than Muslims themselves, there are many golden rules in the Qur’an mixed with popular proverbs in many Arab countries: such as: And lower your voice. Indeed, the most disdained sounds are like the sound of donkeys and others. Of course, God is Most High and All-Knowing.
كِتَٰبٞ فُصِّلَتۡ ءَايَٰتُهُۥ قُرۡءَانًا عَرَبِيّٗا لِّقَوۡمٖ يَعۡلَمُونَ ﴿٣﴾
A book whose verses are explained in detail, an Arabic Qur’an that your people know. (3)
This is a book whose verses God has explained in a complete and clear manner since it is an Arabic Qur’an, for a people who know the Arabic language, so they are able to understand it, reflect on it, and benefit from its explanation.
A View around the verse
A book, and our understanding of the meaning of the word, is two bookcases with pages filled with important information between them. The paper should not be covered unless this paper contains something precious and wise. As for: it detailed: that is, it was precise, short, and meaningful, then it was detailed so that it could be understood and digested expertly. It is an Arabic Qur’an, and all the heavenly religions that preceded Islam were revealed in the language of the Children of Israel, which they speak, as for the Qur’an, God Almighty chose the Arabic language for it. Why? We do not know, but perhaps for the following reasons:
1 - That a specific group of Arabs should not specialize in understanding this book without the general public (scholars such as Jewish rabbis)
- God Almighty knows that the Arabic language will be saved from extinction from among a huge group of languages that became extinct from the beginning of the humanity.
3 - One of the best languages in rhetoric, poetry, prose, and literature.
4 - The language of the person who learns any of its branches will improve his eloquence, eloquence, and the way he speaks, and advance his morals, even if he learns Arabic calligraphy, which is one of the easiest languages to learn, and one of the best in terms of wisdom and expression.
For people who know
Perhaps for those Arabs who can read and write well, so the Messenger of God - may God bless him and grant him peace - was keen to teach the captives who were polytheists among the Muslims, each one teaches ten Muslims to expand the circle of knowledge, reading and writing, and of course God is Most High and All-Knowing.
بَشِيرٗا وَنَذِيرٗا فَأَعۡرَضَ أَكۡثَرُهُمۡ فَهُمۡ لَا يَسۡمَعُونَ ﴿٤﴾
Bringing good tidings and a warner, but most of them turned away, so they did not listen. (4)
That is: The Qur’an gives good news to those who believe and do righteous deeds that goodness and mercy will obtain, and it warns those who disbelieve and do evil deeds of evil and vengeance.
A View around the verse
That is, Muhammad - may God bless him and grant him peace - was a good tidings to the believers in God - the Almighty - and a warner to the polytheists in Him - Glory be to Him - so they turned their backs to the call, They do not listen so that they do not benefit, and this is intentional and deliberate back-turning so that they do not hear or understand
وَقَالُواْ قُلُوبُنَا فِيٓ أَكِنَّةٖ مِّمَّا تَدۡعُونَآ إِلَيۡهِ وَفِيٓ ءَاذَانِنَا وَقۡرٞ وَمِنۢ بَيۡنِنَا وَبَيۡنِكَ حِجَابٞ فَٱعۡمَلۡ إِنَّنَا عَٰمِلُونَ ﴿٥﴾
And they said, “Our hearts are hidden from what you are calling us to, and in our ears is deafness, and between us and you a veil, so do. Indeed, we will do. (5)
When God Almighty described the Qur’an as saying that they turned away from it and did not hear it; It is clear that they declared this alienation and distance, there is a heaviness in our ears that has deafened them from hearing. We do not hear what you are calling us to! That is: There is a barrier between us and you that hides us from you. We don't see you!
A View around the verse
And they were not satisfied with giving their back to the call, no, but they announced that their hearts are in kinanas, which is the plural of kinana, which is: a small quiver made of leather or the like. to put arrows, It is as if they were saying to our Master Muhammad - may God bless him and grant him peace - that their hearts are strictly guarded from the arrival of the Qur’an to him, so the small quiver, It closes tightly over the thing so as not to let anything else crowd it, and it is not the heart alone that is closed in the face of the Muhammadan call, rather, their ears are also deafened from hearing the truth, and they also said that between them and Muhammad was a curtain or a wall or something else that would prevent the call from reaching them, then they followed the words with a verb (so work, for we are working), meaning we challenge you to defeat us one day, or you work for the call of Muhammad, we will work against it and see in the end who wins the matter. Of course, God is Most High and Most Knowing.
قُلۡ إِنَّمَآ أَنَا۠ بَشَرٞ مِّثۡلُكُمۡ يُوحَىٰٓ إِلَيَّ أَنَّمَآ إِلَٰهُكُمۡ إِلَٰهٞ وَٰحِدٞ فَٱسۡتَقِيمُوٓاْ إِلَيۡهِ وَٱسۡتَغۡفِرُوهُۗ وَوَيۡلٞ لِّلۡمُشۡرِكِينَ ﴿٦﴾
Say, “I am only a human being like you.” It has been revealed to me, “Your God is one God, So submit to Him and seek forgiveness from Him. And Woe to the polytheists. (6)
That is: And those who turn away from the Qur’an said: Our hearts, with which we reason and understand, are surrounded by coverings that prevent us from understanding what you are calling us to, O Muhammad, that is: O Muhammad, work according to your religion. Indeed, we are working according to our religion which we have approved for ourselves, so we will not follow you. When they were informed of their turning away, they explained their lack of understanding of what he calls for; God Almighty commanded His Prophet with an answer that showed that they were sheer stubbornness.
A View around the verse
Then God - the Almighty - revealed to Muhammad - may God bless him and grant him peace - and said to him: Say, “I am only a human being like you who reveals to me (and revelation is information in secret) It came to the Messenger of God - may God’s prayers and peace be upon him in many forms, including (such as the ringing of a bell, some that strike in the soul, and some that came on the tongue of Gabriel, peace be upon him)
It suggests to me that your God is one God
After presenting his humanity - may God bless him and grant him peace, he called upon God - the Almighty - that he had brought the message of oneness
So be upright towards him and ask for his forgiveness
The tone intensified, uprightness with practical work (asking for forgiveness) for the forgiveness of past sins and transgressions.
وويل للمشركين، ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤۡتُونَ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ وَهُم بِٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ هُمۡ كَٰفِرُونَ ﴿٧﴾
Woe to the polytheists, who do not pay zakat, and they are disbelievers in the Hereafter. (7)
The tone became more severe, and he explained who the polytheists were? Those who do not pay zakat and in the Hereafter do not believe, and we used to understand polytheism as not singling out God Almighty in worship, But - may God’s prayers and peace be upon him - with an inspiration from God, he turned worship into a practical industry. A polytheist is one who resorts to judgment other than the rule of God. So, whoever does not pay his zakat is a polytheist, even if he says: There is no god but God and Muhammad is the Messenger of God. If this were not true, he would not have fought our master Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may God be pleased with him, who refuses zakat in the year of apostasy and called them apostates, Or include them among the apostates because of their belief in the Muslim liar and their denial of zakat, so he understood - may God be pleased with him - that preventing zakat is the first to break and destroy the sayings of God Almighty -
And in the Hereafter, they will be disbelievers
The disbelief means covering the thing whose existence you are sure of, as if I were to say to you that you covered the well, meaning you covered it with something, and perhaps you are the one who covered the well and itself, so they are deep within themselves, They feel that all this worldly frivolity will not end in frivolity like it, and that every stalk will be rewarded for what it watered
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ لَهُمۡ أَجۡرٌ غَيۡرُ مَمۡنُونٖ ﴿٨﴾
Indeed, those who believe and do righteous deeds will have a reward beyond praise. (8)
That is: those who believed in what they were obligated to believe in and did good deeds with sincerity to God Almighty and following His law; They have a permanent reward and an uninterrupted reward, the monotheism is a purification for the soul, and there is no doubt that monotheism is a purification for the soul. Because you sever ties with other than God except for what God Almighty loves. This is based on a statement in the interpretation of the word zakat.
A View around the verse
Then the Messenger of God - may God’s prayers and peace be upon him - explained, as a revelation from God, the response to those who deny zakat and deny the afterlife, a people who believed and did righteous deeds, We all know that faith in the tongue without deeds, and not a single, passing, good deed, is insignificant before God Almighty. So, tell the Lord, Blessed and Exalted be He, those who believe and do righteous deeds will have a reward that is not cut off by death, or by someone cutting it off against you out of envy and transgression, or by you abstaining from it. No, no, rather it is continuous and uninterrupted.
۞ قُلۡ أَئِنَّكُمۡ لَتَكۡفُرُونَ بِٱلَّذِي خَلَقَ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ فِي يَوۡمَيۡنِ وَتَجۡعَلُونَ لَهُۥٓ أَندَادٗاۚ ذَٰلِكَ رَبُّ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ﴿٩﴾
۞ Say, “Should you then disbelieve in Him who created the earth, On the Day of Resurrection, and you will appoint equals to Him. This is the Lord of the Worlds. (9)
When God Almighty commanded Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace, in the first verse, to say: I am only a human being like you. It has been revealed to me that your God is one God, so be steadfast to Him, And ask forgiveness from Him [Fussilat: 6]; He added something that indicates that it is not permissible to prove the partnership between Him, the Almighty, and these idols in terms of divinity and worship, This is because He demonstrated the perfection of His power and wisdom in creating the heavens and the earth in a short period of time, Given this characteristic of him, how is it permissible to make vile idols his partners in divinity and worship? Also, when God Almighty mentioned, He made fools of the unbelievers in their disbelief in the Hereafter. He began to mention the evidence of His power over them, and of everything that He intended by creating the universes and what is in them, and also after God commanded His Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace, to respond to the polytheists by saying that he is a human being to whom revelation has been given, so he cannot force them to convert to faith. He then ordered him to once again guide them to the truth. That is: Say - O Muhammad - to the polytheists: Do you disbelieve in the One who created the earth on its vastness and greatness out of nothing in two days?! That is: And you make counterparts and examples to him, taking them as gods along with him, meaning: That is the Great One who did that: He is the Creator, the Sustainer, the Owner and Ruler of all creatures.
وَجَعَلَ فِيهَا رَوَٰسِيَ مِن فَوۡقِهَا وَبَٰرَكَ فِيهَا وَقَدَّرَ فِيهَآ أَقۡوَٰتَهَا فِيٓ أَرۡبَعَةِ أَيَّامٖ سَوَآءٗ لِّلسَّآئِلِينَ ﴿١٠﴾
And He placed therein mountains above it, and He blessed it, and He determined therein its sustenance in four days, equal to those who ask. (10)
When God Almighty mentioned what they acknowledge of the creativity of this earth; He followed it up with three kinds of wondrous deeds and wonderful deeds after that.
And He placed therein mountains above it.
That is: And He placed mountains on the earth, firmly established above its back.
As God Almighty said: And He has placed firm mountains in the earth, lest it lead you to [an-Nahl: 15].
That is: God blessed the earth with the many permanent benefits and good things He created for its people.
He estimated its sustenance within four days.
That is: And God created therein provisions for people and animals, and that was on two other days, so together with the previous two days, they are four days.
A View around the verse
The problem is not in the resources, they are insufficient, but in mismanagement, whether on the personal level, the general level, or the level of kings and presidents, Where the elite always and forever satiate themselves at the expense of the poor, hungry few, and withhold zakat unjustly and aggressively, even though the rich took away the rights of the poor with zakat at times and with alms at other times, Everything is according to his ability. The rich are not enriched to the point of glut, nor are the poor starving to the point of death. Therefore, God has linked the prohibition of zakat to polytheism with Him, Glory be to Him.
ثُمَّ ٱسۡتَوَىٰٓ إِلَى ٱلسَّمَآءِ وَهِيَ دُخَانٞ فَقَالَ لَهَا وَلِلۡأَرۡضِ ٱئۡتِيَا طَوۡعًا أَوۡ كَرۡهٗا قَالَتَآ أَتَيۡنَا طَآئِعِينَ ﴿١١﴾
Then he turned to the sky while it was smoke, and said to it and to the earth, whether they come willingly or unwillingly. They said, “We come willingly.” (11)
They said, “We have come willingly.”
That is, the heavens and the earth said: We respond to your command, and we are led to obey you, so we do not disobey your will, our Lord.
So they spent seven heavens on two days, and I was revealed in every heaven, and we have decorated the heavenly sky with the sake of the sake of God.
So, He spent them over seven heavens in two days.
That is: So, God finished creating seven heavens and completed them and perfected them in two days.
A View around the verse
Do heaven and earth talk? We do not know, but God Almighty told us that. They do, but we do not understand the quality of the hadith, Is it the cosmic physical response or what? However, they responded to God - the Almighty - by saying that they came submissively and obediently, It seems that this obedience appeared in the form of an extremely precise geometric system. Of course, God is Most High and All-Knowing.