The concept of advocacy in language and terminology
It was mentioned in Al-Mukhtar Al-Sahih: He called him, meaning that he called him, and he called from the form of an invitation to food, meaning that he invited him to come to eat a feast or something similar.
The call is a term
The call to God Almighty was mentioned in several concepts, including:
The definition by Dr. Muhammad Al-Wakeel:
The call to God Almighty is to gather people for good, guide them to reason, He commanded them to do good, and forbade them from evil
The definition of Sheikh Al-Sawaf
It is the message of Islam to the earth, and it is the gift of God Almighty to His creatures, and God made it the straight path that leads to Him - Glory be to Him.
Definition of Sheikh Al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah
The call to God is a call to faith in Him, and through what His messengers brought, namely your sincerity in what was said to them, and your obedience to what they were commanded to do.
The meanings of advocacy in the Qur’an
The word “call” came in the Holy Qur’an to indicate many meanings, the most important of which is:
The meaning of request
Allah says
لَّا تَدْعُوا الْيَوْمَ ثُبُورًا وَاحِدًا وَادْعُوا ثُبُورًا كَثِيرًا (14)الفرقان
Do not call upon today one destruction, but call upon many destruction. (14) Al-Furqan
The meaning of the verse is not to ask God for the destruction of just one person, but rather. Many woes.
The meaning of the call
Allah says
«وَقِيلَ ادْعُوا شُرَكَاءَكُمْ فَدَعَوْهُمْ فَلَمْ يَسْتَجِيبُوا لَهُمْ وَرَأَوُا الْعَذَابَ ۚ لَوْ أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يَهْتَدُونَ (64) القصص
“And it was said, ‘Call your partners.’ They called them, but they did not respond to them, and they saw the torment. If only they had been guided. (64) Stories
That is, they called out to them and they did not respond to them.
The meaning of the question
This is in his saying in the story of the children of Israel
Allah says
قَالُوا ادْعُ لَنَا رَبَّكَ يُبَيِّن لَّنَا مَا لَوْنُهَا ۚ قَالَ إِنَّهُ يَقُولُ إِنَّهَا بَقَرَةٌ صَفْرَاءُ فَاقِعٌ لَّوْنُهَا تَسُرُّ النَّاظِرِينَ (69)
They said, “Call on your Lord for us to explain to us what color she is.” He said, “He says, ‘She is a yellow cow, bright in color, pleasing to the beholders.’” (69)
So we have to slaughter.
The meaning of urge and incitement
This is in his saying in narrating the story of Pharaoh’s believer, “O my people, I call you to salvation and you call me to Hell,” and here the word came to mean that it is not just and equitable, to urge you to do something that will save you in this world and the hereafter, and you want me to do something that would destroy me if I did.
The meaning of distress
Allah says
قُلْ أَرَأَيْتَكُمْ إِنْ أَتَاكُمْ عَذَابُ اللَّهِ أَوْ أَتَتْكُمُ السَّاعَةُ أَغَيْرَ اللَّهِ تَدْعُونَ إِن كُنتُمْ صَادِقِينَ (40) الأنعام
Say, “What do you think if the punishment of God comes to you or the Hour comes to you, Whom do you call upon other than Allah if you are truthful? (40) Al-An’am.
What is meant by this is that if torment and anger come to you from God, or disaster or calamity befalls you, or the Hour comes, then if this happens,
Do you seek help from anyone other than God? The verse came to mean asking for help.
The meaning of the order
Allah says
(مَا لَكُمْ لَا تُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ ۙ وَالرَّسُولُ يَدْعُوكُمْ لِتُؤْمِنُوا بِرَبِّكُمْ وَقَدْ أَخَذَ مِيثَاقَكُمْ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ (8) الحديد
(What is the matter with you that you do not believe in God? And the Messenger is calling you to believe in your Lord, And He has already taken your covenant, if you are believers (8) Iron.
. What is meant in this verse is that the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace. To him, he commands you to believe in God, Lord of the Worlds.
The meaning of the supplication
Allah says
(وَقَالَ رَبُّكُمُ ادْعُونِي أَسْتَجِبْ لَكُمْ ۚ)
(And your Lord said, “Call upon Me,I will respond to you ۚ)
The word came to mean that their prayers were answered.
The importance of advocacy
The place of calling to God - the Most High - in Islam is very great, but why?
Islam is spreading: What does the spread of Islam mean? Islam is a religion that calls for several virtues that establish life, and Islam today is not limited to the morals of Muslims, rather, they are general principles, if some people take them to evaluate their lives, and the lives of those around them, because those around them are safe from their abuse of them by virtue of their discipline in the principles of Islam.
Through advocacy, people's morals improve: their behavior is controlled, differences are reduced, It removes hatred and resentment, so people are safe and reassured about their money and honor.
Through advocacy, goodness spreads: and if goodness spreads, the circle of corruption narrows, and evil and good are contradictory, and it is not right for one to be next to the other, but if one of them expands, the other begins to recede, and the spread of goodness is happiness for humanity, by calling it, it clashes with all corrupt beliefs,It is a declaration of identity for a sound divine method, and therefore it confronts every corrupt doctrine not as a struggle, but as an explanation and clarification of the method of truth.
The penalty for abandoning the call to God
Calling people to God is the greatest of duties, and abstaining from it is the greatest punishment. The penalties for abandoning the call are many, including:
The substitution
Allah says
وَإِن تَتَوَلَّوْا يَسْتَبْدِلْ قَوْمًا غَيْرَكُمْ ثُمَّ لَا يَكُونُوا أَمْثَالَكُم (38) ... [محمد: 38].
And if you turn back, He will replace you with a people other than you, and then they will not be like you (38)... [Muhammad: 38].
A curse and a denial of God's mercy
Allah says
لُعِنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِن بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ عَلَىٰ لِسَانِ دَاوُودَ وَعِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِمَا عَصَوا وَّكَانُوا يَعْتَدُونَ (78) كَانُوا لَا يَتَنَاهَوْنَ عَن مُّنكَرٍ فَعَلُوهُ ۚ لَبِئْسَ مَا كَانُوا يَفْعَلُونَ (79)
Those of the Children of Israel who disbelieved were cursed on the tongue of David and Jesus, son of Mary, this is because they disobeyed and transgressed (78) they would not refrain from an evil they did, Evil is what they used to do (79)
This verse was revealed to the Children of Israel: On the authority of Ibn Abbas, he said in the interpretation of the verse: They mixed with them after it was forbidden to trade with them, and God struck the hearts of one another, they were cursed according to David and Jesus bin Maryam, on the authority of Abu Ubaidah, on the authority of Abdullah, who said: When evil descended upon the children of Israel, he made the man meet the man, and he said: O my God, I am pious, this does not prevent him from eating. And drinking with him. When God saw that among them, it struck the hearts of others.
The hostility and hatred
Allah says
وَمِنَ الَّذِينَ قَالُوا إِنَّا نَصَارَىٰ أَخَذْنَا مِيثَاقَهُمْ فَنَسُوا حَظًّا مِّمَّا ذُكِّرُوا بِهِ فَأَغْرَيْنَا بَيْنَهُمُ الْعَدَاوَةَ وَالْبَغْضَاءَ إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ ۚ وَسَوْفَ يُنَبِّئُهُمُ اللَّهُ بِمَا كَانُوا يَصْنَعُونَ (14)
And among those who said, “We are Christians.” We took their covenant, but they forgot a portion of what they were reminded of, so, We incited between them enmity and hatred until the Day of Resurrection, And God will inform them of what they used to do (14)
The destruction
Allah says
فَلَمَّا نَسُوا مَا ذُكِّرُوا بِهِ فَتَحْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ أَبْوَابَ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ حَتَّىٰ إِذَا فَرِحُوا بِمَا أُوتُوا أَخَذْنَاهُم بَغْتَةً فَإِذَا هُم مُّبْلِسُونَ (44) الأنعام
When they forgot what they were reminded of, We opened for them the doors of everything, until, when they rejoiced in what they had been given, We seized them suddenly, and lo, they were confused. (44) Al-An’am
The disagreement and torment in this world and the hereafter
Allah says
وَلْتَكُن مِّنكُمْ أُمَّةٌ يَدْعُونَ إِلَى الْخَيْرِ وَيَأْمُرُونَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَيَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ الْمُنكَرِ ۚ وَأُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ (104) [آل عمران: 104-105]
And let there be from among you a nation who invite to goodness and enjoin what is right and forbid what is wrong, and those are the successful. (104) [Al Imran: 104-105]
If a nation abandons the call to God, it will suffer three calamities
the first
Focusing on this world and abandoning the afterlife.
secondly
Spending money, time and ideas in a way that does not serve the interests of religion.
the third
Following the lifestyle of the infidels, learning from them, and transferring their lifestyle to Muslim countries.
The stages of Islamic preaching
The call of the Messenger of God - may God bless him and grant him peace - began secretly in Mecca when God commanded him to deliver the call and the message, He called on relatives of his people, like his relatives and friends, to monotheism and abandon paganism, His call remained secret for three years and he did not show it in public gatherings, until the words of God Almighty came to him: that is: From that time on, the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, began to call out loudly, and his call went through stages, the details of which are as follows:
The Secret stage
The reason why the Messenger of God - may God bless him and grant him peace - made the call to God a secret in the first place, is the hateful and ignorant group in which his people were raised, As direct clashes with them. It may lead to the failure of the call, as the House of Prophethood had the honor of precedence for Islam, and Lady Khadija, the wife of the Messenger, was the first to believe in him, then Ali bin Abi Talib, who received the invitation of the Messenger of God to accept it despite his young age, and his daughters and adopted son Zaid bin Al-Haritha also believed in him, Then the Messenger of God moved to his circle of friends and acquaintances, and began with Abu Bakr, who had great merit in spreading the call, as a number of companions responded to him, these companions, in turn, invited those they trusted, until the number of Muslims at that time reached more than forty, between men and women, at this stage, prayer began as two rak'ahs in the morning and two rak'ahs in the evening, and this stage continued for three years, during these years, people continued to convert to Islam, until... Muslims become strong.
From this period we take the following:
From this period we take the following:
The light of a candle is strong if it is in a completely dark place and there are no air currents, and Islam is like a candle in a place full of idols and false beliefs, However, if the light goes out at that time (air currents) it can be stopped, which was not the will of God Almighty.
An important stage in the beginning of Islam, and why, if God wanted to be powerful from the beginning of the matter? It may did not happen for two reasons: The first is that the believers do not have a strong love for this new religion, which is strong enough to fight their fathers, uncles, and cousins, leaving their homes, money, and sometimes children, this is what happened shortly after. The second reason: This may be repeated at the end of time. Isn't it the Messenger who said that Abu Hurairah said on the authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him? He said: Islam began as something strange and it will return to being something strange as it began, so blessed are the strangers.) An authentic hadith, It was said, O Messenger of God, who are the strangers? He said: Those who reform when people are corrupted and correct what people have corrupted from my Sunnah. And according to another narration: they revive what people died in my Sunnah. And look now, in some Western countries, a Muslim does not have the right to preach Islam, not even to three people in a house, and if they were to know, they would be subjected to severe torment - the truth: they also do this to Christians and others) They do not want the spread of religions, neither heavenly nor earthly
Or God is All-Knowing. The important thing is that the possibility of speaking out in the Islamic call may return to what it was, and God, of course, is Most High and Most Knowing.
The vocal stage with the tongue
This stage began when God Almighty commanded His Noble Messenger to speak in his calling and to break the silence and not fear, for God’s sake, the blame of the blamer.
فَاصْدَعْ بِمَا تُؤْمَرُ وَأَعْرِضْ عَنِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ (94)الحجر
Where God Almighty said: {So crack: declare in what you are commanded and turn away from the polytheists. (94) Al-Hijr
The crack: the crack in the matter: show it and make it clear and speak without fear, for he has cracked with the truth, so this is a matter in explaining what Islam is out loud, so the Prophet began calling on Banu Hashim. (His uncles) And those with them from Banu al-Muttalib, as God Almighty commanded him, as God Almighty said: {And warn your closest kindred} and your group of sincere ones among them, While Abdullah was reading, the Messenger of God, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, went out until he came to Al-Safa. He climbed on it and then called: (O morning) The people gathered to him, and between a man coming and a man sending his messenger, he said, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him: (O sons of Abdul Muttalib, oh sons of Fihr, oh sons of Abd Manaf, oh sons, oh sons, have you seen that if I told you that horses at the foot of this mountain wanted to attack you, would you believe me?) They said: Yes. He said: For I am ({a warner to you before a severe torment} [Saba: 46]) and Abu Lahab said: May God curse you for the rest of the day. Did you not call us except for this? Then he stood up and descended, ({Abu Lahab’s hands became perished and perished} [Al-Masad: 1] and he repented and they said: We have never told you a lie, and a group of his relatives responded to him, and most of them turned away from his call, and this stage continued until the migration of the Messenger of God to Medina.
The following are the stopping points at this stage of the call:
How old are you now? Suppose you are over forty years old or a little more, and we also assume that you are fairly well known in your community, we also assume that you live in a closed place (a tribe where everyone knows each other) and you do not know or see the source of the news you want to announce, are you going to introduce the topic? Do you go up a mountain and call people and call your aunts and uncles, do you dare? Do you even dare to say that you are the Messenger of God while they worship idols? will people even come to hear you? Whoever is unable to come sends a messenger to find out the news?
What do I mean by all these questions? It means that the Messenger was one of his people in a certain place, and his word was heard, and everyone believed him, and they knew him for his honesty, He even had nicknames that rarely were known to anyone.: Look at your nickname among your friends. They call you by your family name, and it is a nickname that you are proud of, and it is enough / It is difficult to live among people and they call you an honorable nickname, because people you can't laugh at them with delicious words like human development talk, especially those close to you, right?
Would you waste eight years of torture for yourself, your relatives and acquaintances who chose Islam as an easy and reliable religion? He wastes eight years of His life in a life full of difficulties, easy just because you picked up an idea and believed in it, we are affluent Muslims now - of course, except from under the line of fire in countries that have wars and nations, who are mostly slaves etc. what does it mean if you go through eight years of divorce, the death of a loved one, or a terminal illness - God forbid - remember your Muslim brothers, their deeds, and what they endured for the sake of an idea that is yours. : It is a given, and the name on the ID card: Identity.
The general period (fighting aggressors)
The third stage of the stages of the Islamic call is the stage of speaking out in the call to fight the aggressors and those who initiate evil and fighting. This stage began when the Messenger of God - may God bless him and grant him peace - began. Peace be upon him - the Almighty said:
{أُذِنَ لِلَّذِينَ يُقاتَلُونَ بِأَنَّهُمْ ظُلِمُواْ وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلَى نَصْرِهِمْ لَقَدِير* الَّذِينَ أُخْرِجُواْ مِن دِيَارِهِم بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ إِلاَّ أَن يَقُولُواْ رَبُّنَا اللَّه ُوَلَوْلاَ دَفْعُ اللَّهِ النَّاسَ بَعْضَهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ لَّهُدِّمَتْ صَوَامِعُ وَبِيَعٌ وَصَلَوَاتٌ وَمَسَاجِدُ يُذْكَرُ فِيهَا اسمُ اللَّهِ كَثِيراً وَلَيَنصُرَنَّ اللَّهُ مَن يَنصُرُهُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَقَوِىٌّ عَزِيزٌ* الَّذِينَ إِنْ مَّكَّنَّاهُمْ في الأرض أَقَامُواْ الصّلاةَ وَآتَوُاْ الزَّكَاةَ وَأَمَرُواْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَنَهَوْاْ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَلِلَّهِ عَاقِبَةُ الأمور} (39ـ41)
{Permission has been given to those who fight because they have been wronged, and indeed, God is Able to grant them victory, those who were expelled from their homes unjustly unless they say, “Our Lord is God.” And had it not been, God would have repulsed the people, one of them by another, Silos were demolished and small Silos, prayers, and mosques in which the name of God is often mentioned. And God will help those who support Him, Indeed, God is Powerful, Mighty * Those who, if We establish them in the land, will establish prayer and pay zakat and enjoin what is right and forbid what is wrong. And to Allah is the outcome of all matters. (39) -41)
In this stage, the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, was fighting those who were fighting him and keeping silent about those who stopped fighting him. This stage continued until the year of the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah.
It is an inevitable stage to come. Now imagine that your home is being attacked by thieves. Do you allow them to take what they take even if it is your wife and children, Or fight them even if it leads to death? Of course - may God protect you - they have been silent for 11 years with their hands folded, and among them are those who are strong in body, mind and money, and among them are Omar bin Al-Khattab and Hamza bin Abdul Muttalib, And others experienced hardship, some of them were subjected to torture, some lost part of their money to free the slaves, and some of them had to come to this stage, but it was not on a silver platter, but rather on a history of 11 years of loss, torture, and a feeling of helplessness, and they were strong because God' commanded hasn't arrived yet..
The calling out loud with the fight against those who stood against the call
As for the fourth stage of the stages of the Messenger - may God bless him and grant him peace - calling people to the Sharia and the correct religion, it is the stage of speaking out and fighting, everyone who stood in the face of the Islamic call and forbade people from entering into the law and religion of God that He wanted for His servants, after warning him, This is the call upon which the issue of Islamic law was decided. Who established the rule of jihad in Islam, also a stage in which there were men, influence, money, and the like, as it was certainly coming, but it ended with the expansion of the Islamic State, but what was taken by force must be restored by force - for the countries that were occupied as Islamic. If their Islam was taken away from them, men would rise up to return what was stolen from them in the past.
These are the stages of naming Islam, and we do not say that it spread through weaponsThis is the final stage. Every house has weapons, otherwise houses will be robbed and great ideas will change the course of life. It is a religion of peace until a member of one’s family is assaulted or attacked. Otherwise, weapons must be present like any religion, every earthly religion has a military wing that defends its religion, and others, especially Muslims, may be exposed to persecution. What happened yesterday will happen today, tomorrow, and until the Hour of Resurrection, even if the stages are repeated, stage by stage.
The characteristics of Islamic preaching
It's a God' call
With sincere thanks to God Almighty, it is not permissible to pollute worldly interests, and this requires treatment for diseases without pay or compensation, for God said:
( قُلْ لا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا إِنْ هُوَ إِلا ذِكْرَى لِلْعَالَمِينَ (90)) الأنعام
(Say: I do not ask you for any reward for it. It is only a reminder to the worlds. (90)) Al-An’am
This means that if it is for personal gain (financial gain, social status, etc.), it will be invalidated as a business, but it can be used as a means of killing time, , even if social status comes without striving. There is no blame on the person who does this, and God Almighty will not accept any work unless it is sincere to His face and for His sake.
A divine invitation
Allah says
مَا كَانَ لِبَشَرٍ أَن يُؤْتِيَهُ اللَّهُ الْكِتَابَ وَالْحُكْمَ وَالنُّبُوَّةَ ثُمَّ يَقُولَ لِلنَّاسِ كُونُوا عِبَادًا لِّي مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ وَلَٰكِن كُونُوا رَبَّانِيِّينَ بِمَا كُنتُمْ تُعَلِّمُونَ الْكِتَابَ وَبِمَا كُنتُمْ تَدْرُسُونَ (79) آل عمران
It is not possible for a human being that God should give him the Book, judgment, and prophecy, Then He says to the people, “Be my servants instead of God, but be divine person because you teach the Book and what you study.” (79) Al Imran
The divine
To attribute the attributes of the Lord. It is no secret to you that the Lord does not need you or you. He gives and does not take, and there is no benefit for him - Glory be to Him - your piety or my piety does not benefit him - Glory be to Him - but the matter relates to us as those who benefit from piety.
An invitation to all people
A clear verse, but why does God Almighty say that most people do not know that the Messenger was sent to all people and not just to the Muslim nation? When the Messenger was sent, there were no Muslims yet after inviting some people, they converted to Islam, and thus the Muslim preacher should invite non-Muslims so that they become Muslims, and God knows best.
It is a comprehensive invitation to all walks of life
Of the complex, intellectual, political, social and economic issues, as it provides treatment and healing for all diseases of hearts and souls, and goes beyond the souls, minds turn towards their true interests in this world and the afterlife, as it includes the matters of this world and the hereafter, for example, Surah Al-Baqarah is called Surah Al-Ahkam: These are the rulings that govern the Muslim in turn, (Do and do not do) if he is among the righteous, and if he does, then it is the fruit of piety, including (knowledge), (And pious God, and God will knowledge you) or Surah An-Nisa, which the president aims to talk about the rights of the most vulnerable groups in any society, at least during a period of their lives, (Women and Orphans) or a surah like Surah Al-Ma’idah, and its most important objectives: How do we deal with the People of the Book and the like, and other things.
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