Allah says
۞وَلَا تُجَٰدِلُوٓاْ أَهۡلَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ إِلَّا بِٱلَّتِي هِيَ أَحۡسَنُ إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ مِنۡهُمۡۖ وَقُولُوٓاْ ءَامَنَّا بِٱلَّذِيٓ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡنَا وَأُنزِلَ إِلَيۡكُمۡ وَإِلَٰهُنَا وَإِلَٰهُكُمۡ وَٰحِدٞ وَنَحۡنُ لَهُۥ مُسۡلِمُونَ (46)
“And do not argue with the People of the Book except with that which is best, except for those among them who are wrongdoers and say, “We believe in what was revealed to us and it was revealed to you, our God and your God are One, and to Him we submit (46)
(And do not argue)
O believers in God and His Messenger, the Jews and Christians, they are (People of the Book, except in what is best) He says: Except for the beautiful words, which is supplication to God for His signs, and alertness to His arguments.
(Except those among them who are wrongdoers)
The people of interpretation differed in its interpretation, and some of them said: Its meaning: Except for those who refused to acknowledge paying tribute to you, and they waged war against you other than that, for they were oppressors, so they fought with them with the sword until they submitted or paid tribute.
A view of the verse
And do not argue with the People of the Book except in a best manner
In more than one place in the Qur’an, God Almighty says (and speak to people good) to all people, and the People of the Book are among the people. God - the Almighty - in this verse: He commands us not to argue, and not to argue in Islam is a great praise to the extent that the Messenger of God guarantees for the one who abandons controversy a house in the highest heaven, the middle one is for those who abandon disputes (arguing) while they are right, and here the Lord - the Almighty - commands us not to argue with them except in a way that is best. See, it is not good, but rather in a way that is best, and who can do that (scholars, of course), so it is a hidden matter. Do not enter, as you are not a scholar, into an argument about your belief with the People of the Book, otherwise your belief will be distorted, and God is Most High and All-Knowing.
Except those who were wronged among them
So, you can talk to them in a lesser way (than what is better), or you can talk to them in a way that is less good, Less polite or otherwise than what God Almighty knows - and therefore - who distinguishes which of them are the unjust, who are not unjust? Certainly the scholars, so the same previous command applies to him (do not argue with them if you do not hold solid knowledge), and God is Most High and Most Knowing.
Then finish talking to them
By proving that we are different from them, we believe in our God and their God, and He is one, we believe in what was revealed to us of the Qur’an, and we believe in what was revealed to them in their books on the day they were revealed, before the distortion, they do not believe in such a faith, and just as everything has an end, the conversation with the Jews and Christians must end with this end, and God is Most High and All-Knowing.
Allah says
وَكَذَٰلِكَ أَنزَلۡنَآ إِلَيۡكَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَۚ فَٱلَّذِينَ ءَاتَيۡنَٰهُمُ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِهِۦۖ وَمِنۡ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ مَن يُؤۡمِنُ بِهِۦۚ وَمَا يَجۡحَدُ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَآ إِلَّا ٱلۡكَٰفِرُونَ (47)
And thus We have sent down to you the Scripture, so those to whom We have given the Scripture believe in it, and among these are those who believe in Him, and none deny Our signs except the disbelievers. (47)
(Thus have We sent down to you) this (the Book). So to those to whom We have given the Book.
From the children of Israel before you (they believe in him, and among these are those who believe in him) He says: among those who are with you today are those who believe in him, such as Abdullah bin Salam, and those who believed in his Messenger from among the Children of Israel.
(And none deny Our verses except the disbelievers.)
No one denies our evidence and proofs except the one who denies our blessings upon him, He denies our monotheism and our divinity despite his knowledge due to our stubbornness. denial is only after knowledge.
A view of the verse
God Almighty informs us that some of the People of the Book believe in our Book (the Holy Qur’an), and then He tells us that none deny the verses of God except the disbelievers, Denial is: undervaluing the truth and not recognizing it, and here we remember His saying - God Almighty - in more than one place (they are not the same) that is, not all People of the Book are the same, they hate Muslims and deny their Book, so please: Do not generalize that everyone who follows a religion other than yours as a Muslim is a People of the Book who hate us and our Book.
Allah says
وَمَا كُنتَ تَتۡلُواْ مِن قَبۡلِهِۦ مِن كِتَٰبٖ وَلَا تَخُطُّهُۥ بِيَمِينِكَۖ إِذٗا لَّٱرۡتَابَ ٱلۡمُبۡطِلُونَ (48)
And you had not recited any Book before it, nor had you written it with your right hand, indeed the false ones doubted.
And you did not write with your right hand, but you were illiterate. (Then the false ones would have doubted.) He says: And if before it was revealed to you, you had read the book, or written it with your right hand, so there is doubt - because of that about your command, and what you have brought to them from your Lord of this book which you are reciting to them - the false ones who say that it is slander and soothsaying, and that it is legends of the ancients, the People of the Book found in their books that the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, neither wrote with his right hand nor read a book, so this verse was revealed.
A view of the verse
The Arab countries during the time in which the Messenger came - may God bless him and grant him peace - were famous for ignorance and superstition, and for the spread of myths and fairy tales, also in some Western countries, side civilizations of the Arabian Peninsula, such as the Chinese civilization, were widespread at that time, Indian civilization and others, so one of the best things we have obtained from the value of our Noble Messenger is that he was illiterate and could not read or write, because he did not take on the civilizations and nations contemporary with him that existed around the Arabian Peninsula, so God - the Almighty - says in this verse, “And you did not recite it before him, (Any books, myths, etc.) or even previous heavenly books, you did not write with your right hand, and if you had, those who want to invalidate this religion from the beginning would doubt, and God - the Almighty - is Most High and may God’s blessings and peace be upon our master Muhammad and his family and companions.
Allahs says
بَلۡ هُوَ ءَايَٰتُۢ بَيِّنَٰتٞ فِي صُدُورِ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡعِلۡمَۚ وَمَا يَجۡحَدُ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَآ إِلَّا ٱلظَّٰلِمُونَ (49)
Rather, it is clear signs in the breasts of those who have been given knowledge, and none deny Our signs except the wrongdoers. (49)
On the authority of Ibn Abbas, his saying: (Rather, they are clear signs in the breasts of those who have been given knowledge)
He said: The Prophet of God did not write or read, and God also described him in the Torah and the Gospel, that he was an illiterate prophet who neither read nor wrote, and this is the clear sign in the breasts of those who were given knowledge.
And His saying: (And none deny Our verses except the wrongdoers.)
God Almighty says: He who denies the prophecy of Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace, and his evidence, and denies the knowledge that teaches from the books of God, which He revealed to His prophets, with the resurrection of Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace, and his prophecy and dispatch, except the wrongdoers, meaning: those who wronged themselves by disbelieving in God Almighty.
Allah says
وَقَالُواْ لَوۡلَآ أُنزِلَ عَلَيۡهِ ءَايَٰتٞ مِّن رَّبِّهِۦۚ قُلۡ إِنَّمَا ٱلۡأٓيَٰتُ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ وَإِنَّمَآ أَنَا۠ نَذِيرٞ مُّبِينٌ (50)
And they said, “If only signs had not been sent down to him from his Lord, Say, indeed the signs are only with Allah, and I am only a clear warner.” (50)
God Almighty says: And the polytheists of Quraysh said: Would you not send down to Muhammad a sign from his Lord that would be an argument for God against us, just as the she-camel was made for Saleh and the table was a sign for Jesus, say, O Muhammad: The signs are only with God, and no one else is able to bring them. (And I am only a clear warner.) Rather, I am a warner to you, I warn you of God’s punishment and punishment for your disbelief in His Messenger. And what He has brought to you from your Lord (clear), He says: He has made clear to you His warning.
A view of the verse
A fair person will find a thousand ways to prove that what you say is true, and a skeptical person will find if you come to him every hour with a dazzling sign, He will not believe you because he does not want to believe you, so this verse came as patience for the Messenger of God - may God bless him and grant him peace - from seeing and experiencing by those who were stubborn some of the verses that he came with, the Messenger of God - may God bless him and grant him peace - had only a few miracles compared to the prophets and messengers before him, because his eternal miracle was the word of God, And look: Today the West worships the word, wars are based on the word, peace is based on the word, theories, philosophies, etc. are based on the word, It is just an idea by an international philosopher on which a theory is based that turns into reality after a while. Do you imagine that posthumanism is anything but an idea from the scratch? therefore, what remains among people until the Day of Judgment cannot be a magic wand or a ring that changes the face of the universe, and God is Most High and Most Knowing.
Allah says
أَوَ لَمۡ يَكۡفِهِمۡ أَنَّآ أَنزَلۡنَا عَلَيۡكَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ يُتۡلَىٰ عَلَيۡهِمۡۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَرَحۡمَةٗ وَذِكۡرَىٰ لِقَوۡمٖ يُؤۡمِنُونَ (51)
Or is it not enough for them that We have sent down to you the Scripture which will be read to them, Indeed, in that is a mercy and a reminder for people who believe. (51)
God Almighty says: Have these polytheists not desisted, O Muhammad, who say: Had not a sign been sent down to Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace, a sign from his Lord, from among the signs and proofs, Indeed, in this Book which we sent down to them is a mercy for those who believe in it and a reminder for them to remember, including the lesson and admonition it contains.
On the authority of Yahya bin Ja`dah that
Some Muslims came to the Prophet of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, with books in which they wrote some of what the Jews say When he looked at it, he threw it away and said: “The foolishness of a people - or the misguidance of a people - is enough of it, To turn away from what their Prophet brought to them, to what someone other than their Prophet brought, to other people, then the noble verse was revealed
Allah says
قُلۡ كَفَىٰ بِٱللَّهِ بَيۡنِي وَبَيۡنَكُمۡ شَهِيدٗاۖ يَعۡلَمُ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۗ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ بِٱلۡبَٰطِلِ وَكَفَرُواْ بِٱللَّهِ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡخَٰسِرُونَ (52)
Say, “Allah is sufficient: He is between me and you as witnesses, He knows what is in the heavens and the earth, (52) and those who believe in falsehood and disbelieve in Allah - those are the losers. (52)
God Almighty says in his mention of his Prophet Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace: Say, O Muhammad, to those who say to you: Why had not a sign been sent down to you from your Lord? Those of your people who deny Our signs: God suffices, O these people, between me and you, as a witness for me and against me. Because He knows who is right among us from what is wrong, and He knows what is in the heavens and what is on earth, and nothing is hidden from Him in them, since they believed in polytheism, they acknowledged it, He says: And they denied God. (It is those who are the losers.) He says: They are the ones who were deceived in their deal.
A view of the verse
The false people will doubt you. You will associate with people who lie to you, O Muhammad - may God’s prayers and peace be upon you and your entire family, So say (Allah is sufficient as a witness between you) because (He knows what is in the heavens and the earth) and the question here: these words, this is theoretical talk, not practical, so why does God - the Almighty - end the speech in this way? God knows best what He wants, but thinking calls us to: arguing with some people is futile, so do not go on with them in presenting dazzling verses for the sake of their belief in your doctrinal idea, or even in the world of people other than that. rather, stop indulging in arguments with them, Let your motto be: God is sufficient between me and you as a witness, because they are the losers in the end because they do not want to believe no matter how many signs you bring them.
And the other question
Can anyone lie to God - the Almighty - and say that God is sufficient as a witness between you and me, and God will not reveal his lie if he is a liar? Your answer is impossible. God - the Almighty - tells us about our previous deeds that we have forgotten (God has counted him and they have forgotten him), and he tells us about everyone’s previous deeds because we are witnesses to one another, confirming what God Almighty says in more than one place in the Qur’an (and you will recognize them by the tone of speech) and other verses, Which tells us that our deeds will be presented to people, even our master Ibn Abbas - may God be pleased with him - says - What it means - that if our deeds were in an underground well So that God would reveal it to the people above the ground- If it is good, then good, and if it is evil, then evil. God is Most High and Most Knowing.