The gneral specifications of the Holy Surah
It is the longest surah of the Qur'an
the number of its verses
286
and it's arranged in the Qur’an
The second is after Surat Al-Fatihah
What is the reason she was given this name?
Surah Al-Baqarah was given this name because it contains the story of the cow and the Children of Israel during the reign of God’s Prophet Moses in verses from 67 to verse 73.
The virtues of Surat Al-Baqarah
On the authority of Abu Masoud Al-Ansari, he said: The Prophet, peace be upon him, said
“The two verses from the end of Surat Al-Baqarah, whoever recites them at night will suffice him.”
And on the authority of Abu Hurairah that the Messenger of God, peace be upon him, said
“Do not make your homes into graves, for the house in which Surah Al-Baqarah is recited will not be entered by Satan.”
And on the authority of Sahl bin Saad that the Messenger of God, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, said
“Everything has a hump, and the hump of the Qur’an is the cow, and whoever recites it in his house one night, Satan will not enter him for three nights.”
On the authority of Abu Umamah, he said: I heard the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, say
“Read the Qur’an, for it will intercede for its people on the Day of Resurrection. Read the two bright ones (Al-Baqarah and Al-Imran) they will come on the Day of Resurrection as two clouds or two veils, or as two flocks of birds in rows, they will arguments on behalf of their families on the Day of Resurrection, then he said: Recite the cow, for taking it is a blessing, And he left it out of regret, and the “magicians” could not do anything with it.
The characteristics of Surat Al-Baqarah
1 - It was said that it was the first surah revealed in Medina
2- It is said that it contains the last verse revealed from heaven
Except for the Almighty’s saying: And fear a day when you will be returned to God, then every soul will be paid in full for what it has earned, and they will not be wronged.
3 - It contains signs of usury
And it is called the tents of the Qur’an; Khaled bin Maadan said it. This is due to its greatness and splendor, and the large number of its rulings and sermons, Omar bin Al-Khattab learned it with its jurisprudence and what it contains in twelve years, and his son Abdullah bin Omar in eight years.
4 - It contains the greatest verse in the Qur’an (Ayat al-Kursi) and its number is 255
On the authority of Abu Hurairah, he said: “The Messenger of God, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, assigned me to preserve the zakat of Ramadan, so he came to me and made an urge for food, so I took it I said, “I will raise it up to the Messenger of God.” He narrated the hadeeth and said, “If you go to your bed, so recite Ayat al-Kursi, a guardian from God will always be with you, and Satan will not come near you until morning, and the Prophet said: He told you the truth and he is a liar, that's a demon
5- It has the longest verse in the Qur’an
The verse of condemnation
6- That it contains the last verse revealed from the Holy Qur’an.
And fear a day when you will be returned to God, then every soul will be paid in full for what it has earned, and they will not be wronged.
7- It was said that it is an argument on behalf of its owner on the Day of Resurrection 10) It was stated in the Prophet’s Biography that it is a debate on behalf of its owner on the Day of Resurrection, and it contains the name of God the Greatest, which if he is called upon, he answers, and that he took it as a blessing, and left it as a regret, and sorcerers cannot do it.
الٓمٓ (1)
Alf, Lam, Meem
A brief summary of what the scholars said in the cut-off letters
Some of them said
It is one of the names of the Qur'an
Some of them said
It is the openings with which God opens the Qur’an
Others said
It is the name of the surah
Some of them said
It is the name of God the greatest
Some of them said
It is an oath by which God swore, and it is one of his names.
On the authority of Al-Rabi` bin Anas
He said: These letters are among the twenty-nine letters, in which all tongues circulated. There is not a letter in it that is not the key to one of His names, and there is not a letter in it that is not in its bounty and affliction, and there is no character in it except that it is in the period of a people and their deadlines. Jesus son of Mary said: “It is amazing that they pronounce His names and live by His provision, so how can they be disbelievers?”
Some of them said
Every book has a secret, and the secret of the Qur’an is its openings
A name from the names of the Qur’an
And it is narrated on the authority of Qatada, Mujahid, Ibn Jureij, and Zaid bin Aslam 2 - Opening verses that God Almighty opens the Qur’an with
And it was narrated on the authority of Mujahid and some of the Arabs, and they said: This is evidence of the end of one surah and the beginning of another, and a sign of the cessation of what is between them.
The cut letters from nouns and verbs
Each letter of that has a meaning other than the meaning of the other letter, and it is narrated on the authority of Ibn Abbas, Ibn Masoud, and some of the companions of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, It was also reported on the authority of Ibn Abbas that he said: The meaning of {ﭑlam}: I am God knows best, and the meaning of {ﭑlams}: I am God knows best. And the meaning of {ALM}: I am God, I see. And the meaning of {ALR}: I am God who knows and sees
The opening chapters are among the names of God
It is narrated on Al shabii.
An oath by which God swore, and it is one of his names
It is narrated on the authority of Ibn Abbas and Ikrimah.
They are from the similars
The knowledge of which God has preserved, so we believe in its revelation and entrust its interpretation to God. Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq (may God be pleased with him) said: In every book there is a secret, and the secret of the Qur’an is the beginning of the chapters.
Ali bin Abi Talib, may God be pleased with him, said: Every book has an elite, and the elite of this book are spelling letters, these letters are from the gender of the composite speech of these letters
These fragmented letters were mentioned at the opening of some surahs to indicate that this Qur’an, with which God challenged the polytheists, is of the kind of compound speech from these letters that they know, and they are able to compose words from it, and if they are unable to come up with a surah like it because of his attainment of eloquence and wisdom, their eloquence and eloquences stand below it in vast stages.
ِA look around the noble verse
That life turned overnight into a set of abbreviations, and you find the names of international organizations, banks, or giant companies transformed into several symbols and slogans, And when you read these symbols or these letters, you immediately remember the name of the organization/company/bank...etc., and here it may be an abbreviation of what came in the noble Surah, or as he says, the Messenger of God, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, said: (It is said to the owner of the Qur’an: Read and ascend and recite as you used to recite in this world, for your abode is at the last verse you recite.
ذَٰلِكَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبُ لَا رَيۡبَۛ فِيهِۛ هُدٗى لِّلۡمُتَّقِينَ (2)
This is the Book, there is no doubt about it, a guidance for the pious(2)
And his saying “that book” means this great book which is the book on the truth, which includes what the books of the predecessors did not include, of great knowledge and clear truth
He is "doubtless"
There is no doubt in any way, as this book includes certainty that removes doubt
This is a useful rule, that negation is meant to be praise
It must contain its opposite, which is perfection, because negation is non-existence, and pure non-existence is not praiseworthy.
When it included certainty, and guidance could not be obtained except with certainty, he said: “A guidance for the righteous.” And the guidance: what guidance is obtained from misguidance and likeness: And what guides you to the beneficial paths.
And he said in another place, “a guidance for the people,” so it was generalized.
And in this place and others, “a guidance for the righteous,” because in itself it is a guidance for all people.
The naughty ones did not raise his head.
And they did not accept God's guidance, so the argument was established against them, and they did not benefit from it because of their misery
As for the God-fearing, those who came with the biggest reason for guidance, which is piety whose reality is: taking what protects God’s wrath and chastisement by complying with His commands and avoiding His prohibitions, so be guided by it and benefit from it.
The Almighty said, “O you who have believed, if you fear God, He will make for you a criterion.”
The righteous are
Beneficiaries of the Quranic verses, and the cosmic verses.
And because guidance is of two types: the guidance of statement, the guidance of conciliation.
For the righteous, they received the two gifts, and others did not receive the guidance of success.
And the guidance of the statement without reconciliation to act upon, is not a true and complete guidance.
On the authority of Ibn Masoud
On the authority of some of the companions of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace: “There is no doubt about him.
On the authority of Ibn Masoud, and on the authority of some of the companions of the Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him: “A guidance for the righteous.”
He said: They are the believers.
Abu Bakr bin Ayash told us, he said: Al-A’mash asked me about the “pious”, he said: I answered him, and he told me, Al-Kalbi asked about it. So I asked him, and he said: Those who avoid major sins. He said: So I went back to Al-A’mash, and he said: We see that it is like that. And he did not deny it.
On the authority of Ibn Abbas
“For the righteous.” He said: The believers who fear polytheism in Me and act in obedience to Me
ٱلَّذِينَ يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱلۡغَيۡبِ وَيُقِيمُونَ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَمِمَّا رَزَقۡنَٰهُمۡ يُنفِقُونَ (3)
Those who believe in the unseen and establish prayer and spend out of what We have given them (3)
The title of a servant's happiness is his devotion to the deity, and his striving to benefit creation, just as the title of a servant's misery is the lack of these two things on his part, so there is neither sincerity nor benevolence.
The truth of faith
It is the complete belief in what the Messengers told you, which includes the docility of the limbs, and the matter is not in believing in the things witnessed by the senses, because it does not distinguish a Muslim from an infidel, because it is a mere ratification of God and His messengers. Then he said, “And of what We have provided them, they spend.”
What are the obligatory expenditures, such as zakat, and spending on wives, relatives, Mamluks, and so on.
And desirable expenditures in all ways of goodness.
He did not mention the one who spends on them, due to the abundance of his reasons and the diversity of his family, and because the alimony, as it is, is an act of nearness to God to alert them, that only a small part of their money was returned from them, neither harmful to them nor burdensome, rather they benefited by spending it, and their brothers benefited from it.
And in his saying, “We provided them,” a reference to
This money that is in your hands is not acquired by your strength and possession, but rather it is the provision of God, who authorized you and bestowed upon you, Just as He has blessed you and favored you over many of His servants, so thank Him by taking out some of what He has bestowed upon you, and console your destitute brothers, The Almighty often combines prayer and zakat in the Qur’an, because prayer includes devotion to the deity, and zakat and spending, including charity for His servants.
وَٱلَّذِينَ يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡكَ وَمَآ أُنزِلَ مِن قَبۡلِكَ وَبِٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ هُمۡ يُوقِنُونَ (4)
And those who believe in what was revealed to you and what was sent down before you, and in the Hereafter they are certain (4)
with what was revealed to you
It is the Qur'an and the Sunnah
The Almighty said: “And God sent down the Book and wisdom to you.”
So the righteous believe in all that the Messenger brought, and do not differentiate between some of what was revealed to him, so they believe in some of it, and do not believe in some of it, either by denying it or interpreting it, other than what God and His Messenger intended, as is done by those who do it from the innovators, who interpret the texts that indicate contrary to their saying. As a result of disbelief in its meaning, and if they believed in its wording, they did not truly believe in it.
His saying “and what was revealed before you” includes belief in all previous books.
Faith in books includes faith in the messengers and what they contained, especially the Torah, the Gospel and the Psalms.
This is the characteristic of the believers, they believe in all the heavenly books, and in all the messengers, so they do not differentiate between any of them, then he said, “And of the Hereafter they shall have certainty,” and “The Hereafter, a name for what happens after death. He singled it out for mentioning it after the generality, because belief in the Last Day is one of the pillars of faith and because it is the greatest source of desire, awe and action.
and "certainty"
It is complete knowledge, in which there is no doubt, and the obligation to act.
On the authority of Ibn Masoud, and on the authority of some of the companions of the Messenger of God, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, “Those who believe in what was revealed to you and what was revealed before you and are certain of the Hereafter”: These believers are among the People of the Book (83)
أُوْلَـٰٓئِكَ عَلَىٰ هُدٗى مِّن رَّبِّهِمۡۖ وَأُوْلَـٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡمُفۡلِحُونَ (5)
Those are on guidance from their Lord, and it is they who are the successful (5)
Those, that is, those who are described with these praiseworthy attributes, are on guidance from their Lord, that is, on great guidance, because the denial of glorification, and what guidance is greater than those aforementioned qualities that include the correct faith and straight actions?!! delusion.
And he came up with “Ali” in this place
Indicating arrogance, and in misguidance, he comes with “in” as in his saying, “And I or you are on guidance or in clear error,” because the one who is guided is used by guidance, exalted by it, and the one who is delusional is despised.
Then he said, “And it is they who are the successful.”
The success is the attainment of what is sought and deliverance from the feared, confining the success to them, because there is no way to success except by following their path, and other than that path,they are the paths of misery, destruction and loss, which lead to God.
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