The story of Zaid bin Haritha - may God be pleased with him and make him satisfied -
The name
Zaid bin Al Haritha bin Sharhabil Al Kaabi
The Title
Before the prohibition of adoption: Zaid bin Muhammad After the prohibition of adoption: Mawla of the Messenger of God, one of the honorable companions His honor is the only companion mentioned in the Holy Qur’an
The story of his kidnapping as a young child
He was on a visit with his mother, Saada bint Tha'labah, to her people, Bani Ma'an. During this visit, the Banu Al-Qayed tribe raided them, and this eight-year-old boy was subjected to slavery, but fate had a lot of good in store for him. Hakim bin Hizam bin Khuwaylid, the nephew of Mrs. Khadija, may God be pleased with her, bought him with another group of boys, and he offered him as a gift to his aunt, Mrs. Khadija, may God be pleased with her, and she had to choose from a group of boys, so she chose Zaid,
How he's reach the Prophet Muhammad - may God bless him and grant him peace؟
When Mrs. Khadija, may God be pleased with her, married the Chosen One, may God’s prayers be upon him and his family and companions, she gave him Zaid, and it is said that the Prophet freed him immediately, but Zaid refused except to remain with him, and from the intensity of Zaid’s attachment to the Prophet, the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, adopted him, He even became known to the Quraysh as Zaid bin Muhammad, and he remained in this state until Islam came and prohibited adoption, and this came in what the Almighty said in Surat Al-Ahzab:
قال تعالي “ادْعُوهُمْ لِآبَائِهِمْ هُوَ أَقْسَطُ عِندَ اللَّهِ ۚ فَإِن لَّمْ تَعْلَمُوا آبَاءَهُمْ فَإِخْوَانُكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ وَمَوَالِيكُمْ ۚ وَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُنَاحٌ فِيمَا أَخْطَأْتُم بِهِ
وَلَٰكِن مَّا تَعَمَّدَتْ قُلُوبُكُمْ ۚ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ غَفُورًا رَّحِيمًا
The Almighty said, “Call them to their fathers, It is more just with God, If you do not know their fathers, then your brothers in faith and your slave, and there is no blame on you for making a mistake, but what intend in your hearts, and God is Forgiving, Merciful.
Pauses with the verse
1 - Justice: Justice and Settlement. So, it is justice with God that every son be given the name of his real father, and this is a message to everyone who adopts children today from orphanages, It is one of the sound and rewarding social solutions for both parties, the adopted child and the adoptee himself, except that Islam guarantees the system of social sponsorship, not adoption, therefore, the child has the right to take the family name of the adopter, but the father's name is not permissible, and God knows best - it is not the subject of a fatwa.
- 2 - If you do not know their parents: It is very well known that a child is left at the door of the mosque or the like, and it is as if God - the Almighty - is talking about our era, not the era of prophecy, so they are called brothers and loyalists, as happened with Zaid - may God be pleased with him and make him satisfied.
3- Error and forgetfulness are among the things that are tolerated in religion, but the intention of the heart is what is relied upon and taken into account, so there is no sin at that time.
After the revelation of this holy verse
The Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, returned to call Zaid Zaid bin Haritha. The people of Zaid were looking for him, and on one occasion there was a group of Zaid's people visiting the Holy Kaaba, they got to know Zaid bin Haritha, and when they returned to their people, they told his family where he was, and Zaid bin Haritha's father and uncle came to take him with them, and the Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace, gave him the choice, between going with his family and staying with him, he chose to stay with the Prophet, the strangeness of this story shows that what the honorable companion saw of the Messenger, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, of good treatment and character, made him prefer him over his original family, Zaid became attached to the Prophet of God, and at that time the Prophet came out to the Quraysh and said, “O my people, bear witness that Zaid is my son, and that I am his father, and he inherits him and he inherits me, Zayd remained with the Prophet until his death.
The story of his marriage to Mrs. Zainab bint Jahsh
Zainab, she is the daughter of Muhammad bin Rabab Al-Asadiya, and her mother is Umaima bint Abd al-Muttalib, the aunt of the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace (that is, she is the daughter of the aunt of the Messenger), The Messenger of God, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, is the one who undertook that for him. Because he was his master and his adopter, so he betrothed her to Zaid, but she disapproved: disapprove of something refraining from disdain, greed, and arrogance, and she said: I am better than him in lineage, so it was narrated that God sent down his saying,
وَمَا كَانَ لِمُؤْمِنٍ وَلَا مُؤْمِنَةٍ إِذَا قَضَى اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَمْرًا أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُمُ الْخِيَرَةُ مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ وَمَنْ يَعْصِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ ضَلَالًا مُبِينًا} [سورة الأحزاب الآية 36]
And there is no believing man or woman when God and His Messenger have decreed a matter, that they have the best of their affairs, And whoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger has strayed into a clear error.” [Surah Al-Ahzab, verse 36], she responded in obedience to God and in fulfillment of the desire of His Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace, and she lived with Zaid for about a year, then what happened between a man and his wife (of quarrels) occurred between them, Zaid complained about her to the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, because of their status with him, He is his master and adopter, and Zainab is the daughter of his paternal aunt, Omaima,Zayd offered to divorce her, so the Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, ordered him to keep her and be patient with her, with his knowledge, peace and blessings of God be upon him, by revelation from God, that he will divorce her and she will be his wife, may God bless him and grant him peace, but he was afraid that people would reproach him for marrying his son's wife, and that was forbidden in the Jahiliyyah, so God Most High admonished His Prophet for that by saying, Exalted be He
وَإِذْ تَقُولُ لِلَّذِي أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَأَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِ أَمْسِكْ عَلَيْكَ زَوْجَكَ وَاتَّقِ اللَّهَ وَتُخْفِي فِي نَفْسِكَ مَا اللَّهُ مُبْدِيهِ وَتَخْشَى النَّاسَ وَاللَّهُ أَحَقُّ أَنْ تَخْشَاهُ} [سورة الأحزاب الآية 37
And when you said to him whom God has bestowed favor, and whom you have bestowed on him, Keep your wife with you and pious God, and you hide in yourself what God reveals, And you fear people, and God is more right to fear him, Surah Al-Ahzab, verse 37
The overall meaning of the verse
1- And when you said, O Prophet of God (to whom God has bestowed, and whom you have bestowed upon, by liberating slavery and becoming your son in front of the people), hold your wife, and you know from the beginning, that this marriage came to be a practical lesson for the believers, whose society at that time was mired in adoption due to the large number of slaves, to refrain from saying that they had children, They are not biological and that they may marry the wife of their son because, in fact, he is not the son of offspring.
2- As for a suspicion that hides in yourself what God reveals
(He knew the Messenger of God about the end of the story, how it will be) but he is afraid of people's calumny that he married his son's wife, but this is law, and what is above God should be exalted, and people should be underestimated and not glorified in God's law, Zaid bin Haritha divorced her, and she married the Messenger of God - may God bless him and grant him peace, and God invalidated the pre-Islamic custom of adoption, and it is lawful for Muslims to marry the wives of those they adopted after separating from them through death or divorce. A mercy from Him, the Most High, to the believers, and a repelling of embarrassment from them, and as for what the Most High said, then when Zayd had consummated his love for her, we married her to you, so that there is no blame on the believers in the wives of their son with adoption, If they maked love with them, and God's command was effected, there was no blame on the Prophet for what God had made obligatory for him, God's way for those who passed before, and God's command was an ordained decree, those who deliver God's messages and fear Him and fear no one but God, and God suffices for reckoning as long as Muhammad is the father of any of your men, but the Messenger of God and the Seal of the Prophets, and God is Knowing of all things} [Surah Al-Ahzab verses 37-40.
We take advantage of the following
Slavery is the withdrawal of trust from a person to be enslaved by others. It is psychological and physical pain, and perhaps more material than moral, as its forms are many and varied, Now, in this era, and one of its forms is hard work with little or perhaps no pay - may God bless them and save mankind from the disgrace of slavery until now, Zayd was one of the slaves who were bought and sold, but his luck was with the Messenger of God, so he freed him and honored him by making him his son.
The marital competence
It is necessary so that a wife does not become arrogant over a husband, and a husband does not exalt himself above his wife in terms of lineage, social status, money, knowledge, or other than that. Lady Zainab was arrogant above the great companion: Zaid bin Haritha, 3 - Zaid bin Haritha refused slavery or belittled it in any way, so he rejected bad treatment from his wife and quarrels, so he refused except to divorce her, even if she married someone better than him, he did not care, except that he did not leave himself in a place where he is psychologically humiliated, this is what raises the status of a person, whether a man or a woman.
. 4 - The story is violent for the human soul in terms of accepting it in all ages. The Messenger of God was afraid of calibration despite his knowledge of its end, but social acceptance is an integral part of our life, especially the Arabs, but religion came to end the stereotype of things that we have always been accustomed to. May God have mercy on Zaid bin Haritha - the venerable companion - who refused to return to his family and became the mawla of the Messenger of God, after he was an adopted son of the Messenger of God - may God bless him and grant him peace.
The links
. https://www.almrsal.com/post/739395 http://www.al-eman.com/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8/%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%89%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A9%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85%D8%A9%20%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%AB%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9%20%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A1%20%28%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AE%D8%A9%20%D9%85%D9%86%D9%82%D8%AD%D8%A9%20%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A9%20%D9%85%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A9%29/%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AC%20%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%AF%20%D8%A8%D9%86%20%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AB%D8%A9%20%D9%85%D9%86%20%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A8%20%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AA%20%D8%AC%D8%AD%D8%B4:/i766&d1098333&c&p1