Date (8 Shawwal / 3 Hijri)
The eighth of Shawwal of the third year of the migration of the Prophet Muhammad - may God bless him and grant him peace -
the place
Al-Rawha’, thirty-six miles from Medina
Does it an independent invasion?
Many historians said that the Muslims were not actually defeated in the Battle of Uhud, because they were defeated in the Battle of Uhud Mountain, but they chased the polytheists in Hamra al-Assad, So the polytheists fled to Mecca. The Battle of Hamra al-Assad was not an independent battle in itself, but was an extension of the Battle of Uhud, which took place between the Muslims and the Quraishites and their allies.
The reason: After the defeat of Uhud, the Muslims felt afraid to go out to meet them again, and among the frightened was Safwan bin Umayyah, the man who demanded to return to Medina, While the opinion of the majority was refusing to go back, at that time some launched a propaganda war, which was that the Messenger of God would throw his companions to destruction, but this war did not move a finger in the heart of the Muslim army, and the aim of this war was to stop Muslims from continuing their chasing infidels.
Its purpose
The departure of the Muslim army to Hamra al-Assad represented a strong declaration that Muslims are not a force to be reckoned with and that they have the ability to gather their forces and repel the aggression of the aggressors at any time.
The events of the Hamra al-Assad battle began the next morning of the Battle of Uhud, on the eighth of Shawwal, when the Prophet Muhammad - may God bless him and grant him peace - called out to his companions that no one would go out with us except those who witnessed the fighting, Abdullah bin Abi bin Salul wanted to go out with the Prophet, but he categorically refused that, and when the Companions who witnessed the Battle of Uhud heard the Prophet’s call, they went out and responded to their wounds, He was very tired, and they said, “Hear and obey.” So He descended among them.
God's saying
( الَّذِينَ اسْتَجَابُواْ لِلّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ مِن بَعْدِ مَا أَصَابَهُمُ الْقَرْحُ لِلَّذِينَ أَحْسَنُواْ مِنْهُمْ وَاتَّقَواْ أَجْرٌ عَظِيمٌ}، (آل عمران: 172(
(Those who responded to God and the Messenger after they had been afflicted with ulcers, for those of them who do good and do piety a great reward.” (Al Imran: 172)
We take advantage of this part
1 - The saying of the Messenger (No one will go out with us except those who witnessed the fighting) is an explicit declaration that whoever goes out is among the true believers who are relied upon in adversity
2 - After they had sores: the wounds they wounded yesterday in the battle of Uhud festered, and certainly the physical pain needs rest, comfort, and drinking hot liquids, this is really reasonable, but God's will is that they come out with their blood, pus, and psychological defeat factors that tickle their feelings, to meet the enemy on the second day directly. Why? The football players have coaches from Live Coaching, and they found that the players play a match for an hour or a quarter in full fitness, and then their performance drops to zero, and they knew that this was the reason for their defeat, after that, the training ran around the stadium for an hour, except for a continuous quarter, and then an additional 10 minutes, and they were very tired, and 10 minutes became 20 minutes on the second day until they reached their perfect performance, at the time of the match, God - the Most High - teaches the Muslims how the will is at the last grain of sweat, the effort increases, so that they are not less than horses in their race.
3 - Why did the Messenger of God - may God’s prayers and peace be upon him - refuse to took Abdullah bin Abi Salul go out with him? although He needs every person to fights with?
Or at least: increase the number in order to intimidate the polytheists. The truth is that he was the one who spread the word in the Battle of Uhud that the Messenger died, and in fact you are also an expert in dealing with great problems and weak souls at the time of defeat, and physical strength among the Arabs early on, and victory in battles is all that they possess - do not bring them anyone in their midst to shake the soul, which may be fragile from the inside as a result of defeat, on the other hand, put yourself in the place of the Messenger, He knows with certainty that he is a hypocrite, and the Muslims know, but they do not speak, and so does the Messenger, but I wonder what the special feeling of the Messenger at that time was, to gather the Muslims together, , organizes the ranks and demands allegiance, and this comes with a yellow smile. I am with you, Messenger of God - this is among the trials of the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace.
See the appendix to the verse
(For those among them who do good and pious Allah will have a great reward)
It is not for any of them, but for the doers of good among them, the pious in performance while wounded, doing the best of what he has, charity and piety at this critical stage of their history, which They build it with glory in return for a great reward, and who says great? God Almighty, then he is a reward on the level of God,
The Battle details
The Prophet - may God’s prayers and peace be upon him – expected in his place, as he expected that the polytheists would return to Madinah to conquer it again, because the polytheists when they blamed and argued and said to each other: “You didn't do anything, you hit their stinger, alone, then you left them, there are heads left of them to gather for you, so come back, we will eradicate them, Whoever did not come out in the midst of one, they were injured among you, and our army was tired, but the army of the polytheists refused to respond to the opinion of Safwan, they settled themselves on returning to Medina to eradicate the Muslims, and while they were preparing to return to Medina, Ma`bad bin Abi Mu`bad Al-Khuza`i caught up with them: and he declared his conversion to Islam, and he came to the Messenger of God, advising that he was afraid of their evil. At that time, the Messenger of God commanded him to follow them, despite the dangers that surround Muslims, However, the Messenger of God has refused to return to Medina again. He had met the Prophet - may God bless him and grant him peace - before he went to the polytheists, the Prophet commanded him to join the army of the polytheists, so he would let them not fight the Muslims.
Ma`bad went to Abu Sufyan and waged a psychological war against the polytheists and told him that the Muslims had come out with a great army wanting the polytheists, and that this army was burning against the polytheists in order to defeat him, and when Abu Sufyan and the army of the polytheists learned, with this, they preferred safety and resolved to withdraw to Mecca, and before the withdrawal, Abu Sufyan sent with a ride from Abd al-Qais to the Prophet - may God’s prayers and peace be upon him - that the Quraysh would return the ball to the Muslims, and that they had resolved to eradicate the Muslims, so when the delegation informed the Prophet - may God’s prayers and peace be upon him - about that, he came down.
He, may God bless him and grant him peace, stayed in this city for three days, after which he returned to Yathrib, and he was accompanied by Abu Azza al-Jumahi, that man who was released by the Messenger of God on the day of Badr without ransom, He had stipulated at that time that he would not stand in front of the Muslims again, but he did not keep his covenant with the Messenger, and he fell into his hands on the day of Uhud, so he ordered this time to kill him.
Almighty saying:
(Those who were told by the people that the people have gathered for you, so fear them, and it increased them in faith.
The result of the invasion: The Quraishites fled and were unable to seize or enter the Muslim lands.
The natural situation is that whoever pursues is the victor and whoever flees is the loser, in this battle despite the victory of the Quraish side, according to historians, However, Muslims are the ones who follow them even outside the country, and this has only one meaning, which is that both groups were similar and almost with the same strength.