شراء رسول الله للعبيد وتحريرهم
حديث جابر رضي الله عنه
" جَاءَ عَبْدٌ فَبَايَعَ النبيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عليه وسلَّمَ علَى الهِجْرَةِ، وَلَمْ يَشْعُرْ أنَّهُ عَبْدٌ، فَجَاءَ سَيِّدُهُ يُرِيدُهُ، فَقالَ له النبيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عليه وسلَّمَ: (بعْنِيهِ)، فَاشْتَرَاهُ بعَبْدَيْنِ أَسْوَدَيْنِ، ثُمَّ لَمْ يُبَايِعْ أَحَدًا بَعْدُ حتَّى يَسْأَلَهُ: أَعَبْدٌ هُوَ؟
قال القرطبي تعليقاً علي هذا الحديث
" فيه دليل: على أن الأصل في الناس الحرية، ولذلك لم يسأله؛ إذ حمله على ذلك الأصل، حيث لم يظهر له ما يخرجه عن ذلك؛ ولو لم يكن الأمر كذلك، لتعين أن يسأله
وفال القرطبي أيضاً
هذا إنما فعله النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم على مقتضى مكارم أخلاقه، ورغبة في تحصيل ثواب العتق، وكراهية أن يفسخ له عقد الهجرة. فحصل له العتق، وثبت له الولاء. فهذا المعتق مولى للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم غير أنه لا يعرف اسمه
يقول ابن القيم
وكان هديه صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عِتقَ عبيدِ المشركين إذا خرجُوا إلى المسلمين، وأسلموا، ويقول: (هُمْ عُتَقَاءُ اللهِ عَزَّ وجَلَّ) أخرجه أبو داود
كم عدد المحررين من العبودية في الرعيل الأول
وقد ورد أن الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم أعتق 63 نسمة، وأعتقت عائشة رضي الله عنها69، وأعتق أبو بكر رضي الله عنه كثيرًا، وأعتق العباس رضي الله عنه سبعين عبدًا، وأعتق عثمان رضي الله عنه عشرين، وأعتق حكيم بن حزام رضي الله عنه مائة، وأعتق عبد الله بن عمر -رضى الله عنهما-ألفًا، وأعتق عبد الرحمن بن عوف ثلاثين ألف نسمة
2- ثناءه صلي الله عليه وسلم علي من يحرر العبيد
حدثنا أبو الخطاب زياد بن يحيى البصري حدثنا أبو عتاب ص: 592 سهل بن حماد حدثنا المختار بن نافع حدثنا أبو حيان التيمي عن أبيه عن علي قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم رحم الله أبا بكر زوجني ابنته وحملني إلى دار الهجرة وأعتق بلالا من ماله.
إطلالة حول الحديث الشريف
عد رسول اله صلي الله عليه وسلم ، تحرير بلال العبد الحبشي، الذي كان لا يُأبه له سابقاً إلي أن يفرد له حديث عنه يتلي إلي يوم القيامة، هذا هو تحرير العبودية من اللفظ إلي الفعل
3- القضاء على التمييز العنصري في فتح مكة
جاء الإسلام ليرُدَّ للبشر -على اختلاف أجناسهم وألوانهم- كرامتهم، فساوى بين بني البشر جميعًا، وجعل مبدأ التقوى هو عِلَّة المفاضلة بينهم، وحَطَّمَ الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم بعد فتح مكة فوارق اللون والجنس، وقضى على التمييز العنصري قضاءً تامًّا؛ عندما رفع بلالَ بن رباح على ظهر الكعبة صادحًا بكلمة التوحيد، وآخى قبل ذلك بين عَمِّه حمزة ومولاه زَيْدٍ
4 - دعوة للحرية والقضاء على العبودية في حجة الوداع
أعلن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم مبدأ المساواة، فقال: "أَنْتُمْ بَنُو آدَمَ وَآدَمُ مِنْ تُرَابٍ، وَأَنَّهُ لا فَضْلَ لِعَرَبِيٍّ عَلَى أَعْجَمِيٍّ، وَلا أَسْوَدَ عَلَى أَحْمَرَ، وَلا أَحْمَرَ عَلَى أَسْوَدَ إِلاَّ بِالتَّقْوَى
إطلالة علي الحديث
أنت خبير أن الخيل إذا كانت في نهاية السباق تُسارع إلي أقصي سرعة، وحجة الوداع: ليست حجة عادية لرسول الله صلي الله عليه وسلم، بل هي ختام الرسالات السماوية للأرض، هي تشريع فوق التشريع (خلاصة 23 عام من الخير الذي كان ينزل إلي الأرض) هي توصية بأفضل ما جاء علي لسان هذا الدين، فعدم نسيان رسول الله صلي الله عليه وسلم للحريات العامة هي رسالة للبشرية لتحرير العبيد.
---------------------------------------The Messenger of Allah's purchase and liberation of slaves
Hadith of Jabir, may Allah be pleased with him
"A slave came and pledged allegiance to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to emigrate, and he did not realize that he was a slave. Then his master came wanting him, so the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to him: (Sell him to me), so he bought him for two black slaves, then he did not pledge allegiance to anyone after that until he asked him: Is he a slave?
Al-Qurtubi said in his commentary on this hadith:
"It is evidence that the basic principle for people is freedom, and therefore he did not ask him; since he made him accept that principle, since he did not see anything that would take him out of that; and if the matter were not like that, it would have been necessary for him to ask him.
Al-Qurtubi also said:
This is what the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, did based on his noble morals, and out of a desire to obtain the reward of emancipation, and his dislike of having his contract of emigration annulled. So he was emancipated, and his loyalty was established. This emancipated person is a client of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, except that his name is not known.
Ibn al-Qayyim says
His guidance, may God bless him and grant him peace, was to free the slaves of the polytheists if they went out to the Muslims and converted to Islam, and he said: (They are the freedmen of God Almighty) Narrated by Abu Dawud
How many were freed from slavery in the first generation?
It was reported that the Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace, freed 63 people, Aisha, may God be pleased with her, freed 69, Abu Bakr, may God be pleased with him, freed many, Al-Abbas, may God be pleased with him, freed seventy slaves, Uthman, may God be pleased with him, freed twenty, Hakim bin Hizam, may God be pleased with him, freed one hundred, Abdullah bin Omar, may God be pleased with them both, freed one thousand, and Abd al-Rahman bin Awf freed thirty thousand people
2- His praise may God bless him and grant him peace, for those who free slaves.
Abu Al-Khattab Ziyad bin Yahya Al-Basri told us. Abu Atab told us, p. 592. Sahl bin Hammad told us. Al-Mukhtar bin Nafi’ told us. Abu Hayyan Al-Taimi told us, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Ali, who said: The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, said: May God have mercy on Abu Bakr. He married me to his daughter, carried me to the abode of migration, and freed Bilal with his money.
A Look at the Noble Hadith
The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, considered the liberation of Bilal, the Abyssinian slave, who was previously ignored, until a hadith was devoted to him that would be recited until the Day of Resurrection. This is the liberation of slavery from word to action.
3- The eliminating racial discrimination in the conquest of Mecca
Islam came to restore the dignity of human beings - regardless of their races and colors - so it made all human beings equal and made the principle of piety the reason for differentiation between them. After the conquest of Mecca, the Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace, destroyed the differences of color and race, and completely eliminated racial discrimination; when he raised Bilal bin Rabah on the roof of the Kaaba, chanting the word of monotheism, and before that he established brotherhood between his uncle Hamza and his freed slave Zaid.
4 - A call for freedom and the elimination of slavery in the Farewell Pilgrimage
The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, declared the principle of equality, saying: "You are the children of Adam, and Adam was made of dust. There is no superiority of an Arab over a non-Arab, nor of a black over a red, nor of a red over a black, except in piety."
A look at the hadith
You are an expert that when horses are at the end of a race, they accelerate to their maximum speed. The Farewell Pilgrimage: It is not an ordinary pilgrimage for the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, but rather it is the conclusion of the heavenly messages to the earth. It is a legislation above the legislation (the summary of 23 years of goodness that was sent down to the earth). It is a recommendation for the best that came from the tongue of this religion. The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, did not forget public freedoms, which is a message to humanity to liberate slaves.
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